Chp 31 Medications Affecting the Reproductive Tract Flashcards
What are pharmacological actions of estrogen?
- Growth and maturation of the female reproductive tract and secondary sex characteristics
- Estrogen blocks bone resorption and reduces LDL levels.
- At high levels, estrogens suppress the release of FSH needed for conception
What are therapeutic uses of estrogen
- Contraception
- relief post menopausal symptoms, hot flashes, mood changes
- tx dysfunc uterine bleeding
- tx prostate cancer
What are adverse effects of estrogen? (3)
- Endometrial and ovarian cancer
- Pot risk for estrogen depend breast cancer
- Embolic events such as MI, pulmonary embolism, dvt, stroke
Interaction between estrogen and wafarin?
estrogen reduces the effectiveness of warfarin
Interaction between phenytoin and estrogen ?
Phenytoin can decrease effectiveness of estrogen
Interaction between corticosteroid and estrogen?
Corticosteroid may increase effects of estrogen
What are 3 progesterone medications?
medroxyprogesterone, norethindrone, megestrol acetate
What is the expected pharmacological action of progesterone?
Induce favorable conditions for fetal growth and development to maintain pregnancy. A drop in levels results in menstruation
Therapeutic uses of progesterone? (list 4)
it counters the adverse effects of estrogen in hormone therapy for the treatment of:
- Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
- Amenorrhea
- Endometriosis
- Advanced cancer of endometrium, breast and kidney
Adverse effects of progesterone? (6)
- breast cancer
- Thromboembolic events
- Breakthrough bleeding/amenorrhea
- EDEMA
- JAUNDICE
- Headaches
What are the pharmacological action of testosterone? (list 3)
It promotes an increase of specific proteins that result in:
- Development of sex traits in men and production of sperm
- Increase in skeletal muscle
- Increase in erythropoietin synthesis.
What are the therapeutic uses of testosterone? (6)
- Hypogonadism in males
- Delayed puberty in boys
- Androgen replacement in testicular failure
- Anemia that’s not responsive to traditional therapy
- Postmenopausal breast cancer
- Muscle wasting (AIDS pt)
What are adverse effects of testosterone medications? (50
- Premature epiphyseal closure in children (reduced height)
- Hypercholesterolemia
- Increase in prostate cancer growth
- polycythemia
- Increase body hair, lowering of face, growth of clitoris/penis, male pattern baldness in females
Name 2 medications from the 5 Alpha Reductase Inhibitors category and what they do.
- Finasteride
- Dutasteride
This decreases usable testosterone, which leads to a reduced prostate size and increased hair growth.
What are therapeutic uses for 5 Alpha Reductase Inhibitors?
- BPH
2. Male pattern baldness
What are 3 patient teachings you can do about 5 Alpha Reductase Inhibitor?
- Therapeutic effects may take 6 months or longer
- Pregnant women should not handle crushed medication
- Clients should not donate blood unless med has been discontinued for at least 1 month.
What are examples of Alpha-adrenergic antagonists medications? Hint: these are used to treat BPH (5)
- osin
1. tamsulosin
2. silodosin
3. alfuzosin
4. terazosin
5. Doxazosin
What are the pharmacological actions of alpha adrenergic antagonists?
They decrease mechanical obstruction of the urethra by relaxing smooth muscles of the bladder neck and prostate
What are some Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors? PDE5 (3)
- afil
1. sildenafil
2. tadalafil
3. vardenafil
What are therapeutic uses of PDE5 (-afil) meds?
Tx ED
what are two adverse effects of PDE5?
- MI, sudden death
2. Priapism
