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Anatomy > Chp 17 Pharynx > Flashcards

Chp 17 Pharynx Flashcards

0
Q

Where is the pharynx located?

A

Posterior to the nasal cavity, oral cavity, and larynx (pg. 90)

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1
Q

The pharynx is part of which two body systems?

A

digestive and respiratory

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2
Q

The pharynx is how long and extends from which anatomical landmarks?

A
  • 12cm

- Extending from base of skull inferiorly to the cricoid cartilage below, which lies at C6 (pg. 90)

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3
Q

What other structure nearby is the pharynx continuous with?

A

The esophagus (pg. 90)

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4
Q

The pharynx is what shape? It is (Blank1) at the base of skull and (Blank 2) at its termination in the esophagus.

A
  • funnel shaped
    1. Widest
    2. narrowest (pg. 90)
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5
Q

Because of the pharynx openings which 7 cavities is it continuous with?

A
  • 2 nasal cavities
  • 2 tympanic cavities
  • Oral cavity
  • Larynx
  • Esophagus (pg. 90)
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6
Q

What are the 3 parts of the pharynx and describe its location?

A
  1. Nasopharynx- posterior to the nasal cavity
  2. Oropharynx- Posterior to the oral cavity
  3. Laryngopharynx- Behind the larynx (pg. 90)
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7
Q

The nasopharynx is open to the nasal cavity at which structure?

A

The choanae (pg. 91)

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8
Q

What is the choanae?

A

A bony aperture located at the junction of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx (pg. 91)

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9
Q

The roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx form a continuous sloping surface that lies under which structures?

A

the body of the sphenoid and basilar part (Clivus) of occipital bone (pg. 91)

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10
Q

A mass of lymphoid tissue is embedded in the mucous membrane in the nasopharynx called what? 2 Names?

A

pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids) (pg. 91)

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11
Q

If the pharyngeal tonsils or adenoids become enlarged the may cause what?

A

Respiratory obstruction (pg. 91)

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12
Q

What structure is found on the lateral wall of the nasopharynx and can be found 1.5cm posterior to the inferior nasal conchae?

A

the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube (pg. 91)

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13
Q

The auditory tube is how long? And connects which cavities?

A
  • 3.5cm long

- Connects the tympanic cavity of the middle ear with the nasopharynx (pg. 91)

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14
Q

What are the other 2 names for the auditory tube?

A

Eustachian or pharyngotympanic tube (pg. 91)

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15
Q

The medial 2/3 of the auditory tube (Eustachian or pharyngotympanic tube) is (Blank 1) in anatomical location compared to the lateral 1/3?

A

anterior (pg. 91)

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16
Q

The lateral 1/3 of the auditory tube is (blank 1) in anatomical position compared to the medial 2/3?

A

Posterior (pg. 91)

17
Q

The medial 2/3 of the auditory tube that is related to the pharynx is composed of what?

A

elastic cartilage (pg. 91)

18
Q

The lateral 1/3 of the auditory tube that is related to the middle ear is made of what?

A

Bone (pg. 91)

19
Q

The cartilaginous part of the auditory tube usually remains open or closed?

A

closed (because it is made of elastic tissue) (pg. 91)

20
Q

When does the elastic cartilage of the auditory tube open and what can be heard?

A
  • It opens during swallowing, yawning, and when pressure differences exist between the tympanic cavity and the atmospheric pressure.
  • a small click is heard when it opens (ex. ear popping on airplane)(pg. 91)
21
Q

What causes the elastic cartilage to open in the medial 2/3 of the auditory tube?

A

It is unknown (pg. 91)

22
Q

Just superior to the auditory tube opening (Eustachian or pharynogtympanic tube) in the nasopharynx is a cartilage referred to as what?

A

torus tubarius (from latin torus= swelling) (pg. 91)

23
Q

What are the 3 mucous membrane folds that extend from the torus tubarius and describe their anatomical location?

A
  1. Salpingopalatine fold- extends from the torus to the soft palate.
  2. Salpingopharyngeal fold- extends from the torus to the lateral wall of the pharynx.
  3. Torus levatorius- Located between the other two folds and extends from the mouth of the tube to the soft palate (pg. 91)
24
Q

Why do the mucous membranes from torus tubarius exist?

A

because of the presence of a muscle housed by the fold (pg. 91)

25
Q

The portion of the nasopharynx posterior to the torus is termed what?

A

pharyngeal recess (pg. 92)

26
Q

What can sometimes be found in the pharyngeal recess?

A

Lymphoid tissue- tubal tonsil (pg. 92)

27
Q

The nasopharynx communicates with the oropharynx via (blank) that is bounded by the soft palate anteriorly and the wall of the pharynx posteriorly?

A

pharyngeal isthmus (pg. 92)

28
Q

What is the part of the pharynx posterior to the oral cavity?

A

Oropharynx (pg. 92)

29
Q

The oropharynx is continuous with the oral cavity via what structure?

A

oropharyngeal isthmus (pg. 92)

30
Q

What are the boundaries of the oropharynx?

A
  1. Superiorly- soft palate
  2. Inferiorly- Tongue
  3. Laterally- The pillars of the fauces (pg. 92)
31
Q

What is the fold of mucous membranes extending from the palate to the side of the tongue? 2 names?

A

The anterior pillar of the fauces (palatoglossal arch)(pg. 92)

32
Q

The anterior pillar of fauces contains what muscle?

A

palatoglossus muscle (pg. 92)

33
Q

What structure in the oropharynx extends from the soft palate to the lateral side of the pharynx? 2 names?

A

the posterior pillar of the fauces (palatopharyngeal arch) (pg. 92)

34
Q

Between the palatoglossal arch and the palatopharyngeal arch lies what?

A

the tonsillar bed which contain the palatine tonsils (pg. 92)

35
Q

What is the palatine tonsil?

A

A collection of lymphoid tissue under the mucous membrane of the oropharynx (pg. 92)

36
Q

What part of the pharynx extends from the upper border of the epiglottis to the cricoid cartilage, where it becomes continuous with the esophagus? 2 names?

A

Laryngopharynx or hypopharynx (pg. 92)

37
Q

In the laryngopharynx what structure lies on either side of the larynx in which food boluses enter into after being deviated laterally by the epiglottis after swallowing?

A

the piriform recess (food channels) (pg. 92)

38
Q

What nerve and artery course under the mucous membrane in each piriform recess?

A
  • internal laryngeal nerve

- superior laryngeal artery (pg. 92)

39
Q

The wall of the pharynx consists of what 4 layers?

A
  1. mucous membrane
  2. Fibrous layer
  3. muscular layer
  4. fascial layer (pg. 92)
40
Q

The mucous membrane layer lining the internal surface of the pharynx is continuous with the mucous membranes lining what other nearby structures?

A
  1. nasal cavity
  2. oral cavity
  3. larynx
  4. lining of auditory tube (pg. 92)

Anatomy (10 decks)

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