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Anatomy > Ch 16 nasal cavity > Flashcards

Ch 16 nasal cavity Flashcards

0
Q

What is the base of the nose called where it attaches to the face?

A

the root (pg. 86)

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1
Q

What is the tip of the nose called?

A

The apex (pg. 86)

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2
Q

What is the superior part of the nose called that is covered by skin?

A

The dorsum

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3
Q

Th upper part of the dorsum is called what?

A

The bridge (pg. 86)

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4
Q

The inferior part of the nose contains two opening called what? 2 Names?

A

Nares or nostrils (pg. 86)

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5
Q

Laterally the nose consists of skin called what?

A

the ala (pg. 86)

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6
Q

What muscle in the upper half of the external nose covers the nasal bone?

A

Procerus (pg. 86)

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7
Q

What muscle covers the cartilage of the lower half of the nose?

A

Nasalis (pg. 86)

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8
Q

What are the 4 cartilages of the external nose?

A
  1. Septal cartilage
  2. Lateral expansion of septal cartilage
  3. Greater alar cartilage, which is bent so that it forms the medial and lateral walls of the nares.
  4. Possibly smaller cartilages (pg. 86)
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9
Q

What is the space called just inside the nose that is bound laterally by and medially by the greater alar cartilage?

A

The vestibule

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10
Q

The vestibule is limited by a curved elevation that a is a ridge form by the lateral expansion of the septal cartilage?

A

The limen nasi (pg. 86)

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11
Q

At the limen nasi the skin of the vestibule gives way to what?

A

the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity (pg. 86)

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12
Q

The part of the nasal cavity just above the limen nasi is called what?

A

the atrium (pg. 86)

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13
Q

What is the space between the cranial cavity inferiorly and the oral cavity superiorly?

A

The nasal cavity (pg. 87)

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14
Q

The nasal cavity is divided into two symmetrical chambers, the right and left nasal cavities by what structure?

A

the median septum (pg. 87)

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15
Q

The nasal nasal cavity is open anteriorly via what?

A

The nares (pg. 87)

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16
Q

The nasal cavity opens posteriorly to the nasopharynx via what?

A

The choanae (pg. 87)

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17
Q

The choanae is a bony aperture formed posteriorly by what 4 structures?

A
  1. Vomer (medially)
  2. Palatine bone (inferiorly)
  3. Medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid (laterally)
  4. Body of sphenoid (superiorly)
    (pg. 87)
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18
Q

What is the structure found when the cartilages of the external nose are removed, the dried skull presents this bony aperture that is bounded by the nasal bones superiorly and the maxilla laterally and inferiorly.

A

piriform aperture (pg. 87)

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19
Q

What 4 bones is the superior boundary or roof of the nasal cavity formed by (from anterior to posterior)?

A
  1. Nasal
  2. Frontal
  3. Ethmoid (cribriform plate)
  4. Sphenoid (body) (pg. 87)
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20
Q

The inferior boundary or the floor of the nasal cavity (which is also form the hard palate) is formed by which bones?

A
  1. The maxilla (anteriorly)

2. The palatine bone (posteriorly (pg. 87)

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21
Q

What does the floor of the nasal cavity/hard palate seperate?

A

The nasal cavity from the oral cavity

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22
Q

What 7 bone is the lateral boundary of the nasal cavity formed by?

A
  1. Nasal
  2. Lacrimal
  3. Ethmoid
  4. inferior nasal concha (or turbinate)
  5. Palatine
  6. Medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid
  7. Maxilla
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23
Q

The lateral boundary of the nasal cavity is characterized by the presence of how many conchae (or turbinate)?

A

3- the superior and middle nasal conchae (part of the ethmoid bone) and the inferior nasal concha (a separate bone) (pg. 87)

24
Q

The space inferior to each concha is termed what?

A

A meatus (pg. 87)

25
Q

The middle meatus just below the middle nasal concha contains a bulge or elevation of bone called what?

A

Ethmoidal bulla (pg. 88)

26
Q

The Ethmoidal bulla is bounded anterioinferiorly by a semilunar slit known as what?

A

the hiatus semilunaris (pg. 88)

27
Q

The inferior meatus is just below what structure?

A

the inferior nasal concha (pg. 88)

28
Q

The medial boundary of the nasal cavity that separates the right and left cavity is formed by what structure?

A

the nasal septum (pg. 88)

29
Q

The nasal septum is formed by what 3 structures and in which direction?

A
  1. Vomer (posteriorly an inferiorly)
  2. Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid (superiorly)
  3. Septal cartilage (anteriorly) (pg. 88)
30
Q

The surfaces of the bones and cartilages forming the boundaries of the nasal cavity are covered by what?

A

mucous membranes (pg. 88)

31
Q

Based on functions how many regions of mucous membranes are there in the nasal cavity?

A

2

32
Q

What is the mucous membrane region in the upper third of the nasal septum and the superior concha?

A

The olfactory region (pg. 88)

33
Q

In the olfactory region there are filaments of the olfactory nerve which are distributed mediating what?

A

olfaction (or the sense of smell) (pg. 88)

34
Q

The lower 2/3rds of the mucous membrane of both the lateral and the medial walls constitute which region?

A

The respiratory region (pg. 88)

35
Q

What is the respiratory region of the mucous membranes function?

A
  • dust removal from inspired air

- warms and humidifies incoming air (pg. 88)

36
Q

What is a sinus?

A

A true cavity within a bone (pg. 88)

37
Q

The sinus itself is lined with mucous membrane and will communicate with the nasal cavity via what?

A

a canal or space termed an opening (pg. 88)

38
Q

What are the 4 types of paranasal sinuses?

A
  1. Maxillary sinus
  2. Frontal sinus
  3. Ethmoidal sinus
  4. Sphenoid sinus (pg. 88)
39
Q

Which sinus is the largest of all paranasal sinuses?

A

Maxillary sinus (pg. 88)

40
Q

The maxillary sinus has a single chamber on each side of the nose that is in what shape?

A

Pyramidal (pg. 88)

41
Q

The base of the maxillary sinus pyramid shape is (blank 1) and the apex is (blank 2)

A
  1. medial

2. lateral (pg. 88)

42
Q

The floor of the maxillary sinus is adjacent to the upper teeth and because of this maxillary sinusitis is often accompanied by what?

A

A toothache (pg. 88)

43
Q

The maxillary sinus opens into the nasal cavity via what?

A

the middle meatus (pg. 88)

44
Q

What is the single sinus on each side of the head in the supraorbital area?

A

The frontal sinus (contained within the frontal bone) (pg. 88)

45
Q

How does the frontal sinus open into the nasal cavity?

A

via the middle meatus (pg. 88)

46
Q

Which sinus consists of numerous air cells? 2 names?

A

Ethmoidal (labyrinthine) sinus (pg. 89)

47
Q

The numerous air cells of the ethmoidal sinus are collectively referred to as what?

A

the ethmoidal labyrinth (located within the lateral mass of the ethmoid) (pg. 89)

48
Q

Anterior ethmoid air cells open into the nasal cavity via what?

A

the middle meatus (pg. 89)

49
Q

The posterior ethmoid air cells open into the nasal cavity via what?

A

the superior meatus (pg. 89)

50
Q

Which sinus is a single sinus on each side of the nose which are contained within the body of the sphenoid?

A

The sphenoid sinus (pg. 89)

52
Q

What is the sphenoid sinuses opening called and where does it open into the nasal cavity?

A
  • the sphenoethmoidal recess

- opens posterior to the superior meatus (above the superior nasal concha) (pg. 89)

52
Q

What is the opening to the anterior air cells of the ethmoidal sinus called?

A

Ethmoidal bulla (pg. 89)

53
Q

What is the frontal sinus opening called?

A

Hiatus semilunaris (pg. 89)

54
Q

What is the opening to the posterior air cells of the ethmoidal sinus called?

A

Not named (pg. 89)

55
Q

What is the opening to the sphenoid sinus called?

A

Sphenoethmoidal recess (pg. 89)

56
Q

The nasolacrimal duct opens into what?

A

the inferior meatus (pg. 89)

57
Q

What is the Maxillary Sinus opening called?

A

Hiatus Semilunaris (pg. 89)

Anatomy (10 decks)

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