chp 14

Question 1

Linked lives

Answer 1

The concept that the development of the individual is intertwined with the development of other family members.

Question 2

Family Systems Theory

Answer 2

The conceptualization of the family as a whole consisting of interrelated parts, each of which affects and is affected by every other part, and each of which contributes to the functioning of the whole.

Question 3

Nuclear Family

Answer 3

A family unit consisting of husband–father, wife–mother, and at least one child.

Question 4

Coparenting

Answer 4

The extent and manner in which the two parents coordinate their parenting and function as a team in relation to their children.

Question 5

Extended family household

Answer 5

A family unit composed of parents and children living with other kin such as grandparents, aunts and uncles, cousins, or a combination of these.

Question 6

Family life cycle

Answer 6

The sequence of changes in family composition, roles, and relationships that occurs from the time people marry until they die.

Question 7

Cohabitation

Answer 7

The living together of two single adults as an unmarried couple.

Question 8

Reconstituted families

Answer 8

A new family that forms after the remarriage of a single parent, sometimes involving the blending of two families into a new one.

Question 9

Indirect Effects

Answer 9

The instance in which the relationship between two individuals in a family is modified by the behavior or attitudes of a third family member.

Question 10

Acceptance-responsiveness

Answer 10

A dimension of parenting capturing the extent to which parents are supportive, sensitive to their children’s needs, and willing to provide affection and praise when their children meet their expectations.

Question 11

Demandingness-control

Answer 11

A dimension of parenting reflecting the extent to which parents as opposed to children exert control over decisions and set and enforce rules; also called permissiveness–restrictiveness.

Question 12

Authoritarian parenting

Answer 12

A restrictive style of parenting combining high demandingness–control and low acceptance–responsiveness in which adults impose many rules, expect strict obedience, and often rely on power tactics rather than explanations to elicit compliance.

Question 13

Authoritative parenting

Answer 13

A flexible style of parenting combining high demandingness–control and high acceptance–responsiveness in which adults lay down clear rules but also take their children’s views into account and explain the rationale for their restrictions.

Question 14

Permissive parenting

Answer 14

A lax style of parenting combining low demandingness–control and high acceptance–responsiveness in which adults love their children but make few demands on them and rarely attempt to control their behavior.

Question 15

Neglectful parenting

Answer 15

A parenting style low in demandingness–control and low in acceptance–responsiveness; uninvolved parenting.

Question 16

Family stress model

Answer 16

Model of the effects of economic hardship in families that centers on the negative effects of financial stresses on parent mental health, parenting, and, in turn, child development.

Question 17

Parent effects model

Answer 17

A model of family influence in which parents are believed to influence their children rather than vice versa.

Question 18

Child effects model

Answer 18

A model of family influence in which children are believed to influence their parents rather than vice versa.

Question 19

Interactional model

Answer 19

A model of family influence in which it is the combination of a particular kind of child with a particular kind of parent that determines developmental outcomes.

Question 20

Transactional model

Answer 20

A model of family influence in which parent and child are believed to influence each other reciprocally over time, and development is influenced by how their relationship evolves.

Question 21

Sibling rivalry

Answer 21

A spirit of competition, jealousy, or resentment that may arise between two or more brothers or sisters.

Question 22

Autonomy

Answer 22

The capacity to make decisions independently, serve as one’s own source of emotional strength, and otherwise manage life tasks without being overdependent on other people; an important developmental task of adolescence.

Question 23

Helicopter parenting

Answer 23

Also called overparenting, parenting characterized by developmentally inappropriate levels of control of and assistance to late-adolescent and emerging-adult children.

Question 24

Empty nest

Answer 24

The term used to describe the family after the last child departs the household.

Question 25

Role reversal

Answer 25

Phenomenon in which the aging parent becomes the child and the child becomes the caregiver, not typical of most aging parent–child relationships.

Question 26

Middle-generation squeeze

Answer 26

The phenomenon in which middle-aged adults sometimes experience heavy responsibilities for both the younger and the older generations in the family.

Question 27

Kinkeeper

Answer 27

An individual, typically a woman, who keeps family members in touch with each other and handles family problems when they arise.

Question 28

Caregiver

Answer 28

The psychological distress associated with providing care for someone with physical, cognitive, or both types of impairment.

Question 29

Intimate partner violence

Answer 29

Spousal abuse as well as violence in dating, cohabiting, and other romantic relationships that can involve physical or psychological abuse as well as sexual coercion and rape.

Question 30

Child maltreatment

Answer 30

A broad term for inadequate care or harmful treatment of a child; encompasses both child abuse and child neglect.

Question 31

Child abuse

Answer 31

Mistreating or harming a child physically, emotionally, or sexually, as distinguished from another form of child maltreatment, neglect of the child’s basic needs.

Question 32

Parental alienation

Answer 32

Situation in which a child becomes reluctant or refuses to have a relationship with one parent because of the alienating efforts of the other parent.

Question 33

Elder abuse

Answer 33

Instances in which older adults are physically or psychologically mistreated, neglected or deprived of needed care, financially exploited, and even sexually abused.

Question 34

Intergenerational transmission of parenting

Answer 34

The passing down from generation to generation of parenting styles, abusive or otherwise.

Question 35

Family: the infant

Answer 35

parents are usually more alike than different (on how they raise the child)
- play and interaction between mom and dad is different
- mothers tend to have a more significant role