cholinomimetics

Question 1

bethanechol

Answer 1

ester, IM, oral, used for ileus (neurogenic and postop), urinary retention.
Muscurinic.

Question 2

methacholine

Answer 2

ester, Muscurinic, used IM and oral, used for diagnosis of bronchial hypersensitivity.

Question 3

pilocarpine

Answer 3

alkaloid, used for glucoma and xerostomia and sweat test (oral and IM), muscurinic.

Question 4

Varenicline

Answer 4

new nicotinic agonist, with partial agonist properties, used for persons addicted to nicotine.

Question 5

physostigmine (indirect cholinomimetic)

Answer 5

Tert amine, permeable to CNS used for glucoma and atropine overdose.

Question 6

neostigmine and pyridostigmine (indirect cholinomimetic)

Answer 6

Quat amine, not permeable to CNS, used for ileus, urinary retention, mysthenia gravis and reversal of non-depolarizing NM blockers (such as curare)

Question 7

donepezil (indirect cholinomimetic), carbamete,

Answer 7

lipid soluble (CNS entry), used for alzheimer disease.
competitive inhibitor.
other alzheimer drugs are: rivastigimine, galantamine, tacrine (obselete)

Question 8

edrophonium (indirect cholinomimetic), alcohol

Answer 8

Dx of myasthenia; used to differentiate between myasthenia and cholinigeric crisis.
competitive inhibitor
used IV

Question 9

organophosphates

Answer 9

echothiophate (used for glucoma),
insecticides: malathion and parathion (prodrugs), converted to malaoxonand paraoxon
lipid soluble