Cholinergic Agonist Flashcards
Edrophonium
4級氨
Reversible
AChE inhibitor
診斷重力肌無力 myasthenia gravis
Neostigmine
4級氨
Active Nm directly
副交感神經興奮
Treat
重力肌無力首選
腸麻痺
尿滯留
Glaucoma
Antidote for tubocurarine
Pyridostigmine
ChE inhibitor
Chronic treatment of MG
Physostigmine
3 級氨
Cross BBB
Not for MG
Antidote for atropine & Nm blocking drug （TCA 中毒）
Treat
Glaucoma
腸麻痺
尿滯留
Galantamine
Treat
Alzheimer’s disease
Donepezil
Treat
Alzheimer’s disease
Tacrine
Banned
Treat
Alzheimer’s disease
Toxicity
Hepatotoxicity
Parathion
殺蟲劑
Irreversible
Cause
突發性呼吸衰竭(有機磷中毒)
用atropine 解毒
Echothiophate
唯一有機磷藥物
Irreversible
Treat
長效Glaucoma
Side effect
Cataract 白內障
Acetylcholine
No clinical use
M2
Increase BP
HR decrease
M3
Iris/ciliary contract, mitosis,隅角increase
Bronchoconstriction
GI motility & secretion increase
Detrusor contract, trigone relax
Increase urination
Sweat/lacrimal/saliva increase
Treat
Glaucoma
Urine retention
Pseudocholinesterase
Test for 有機磷長期 exposure which inhibit PsChE and cause
CNS -> hypotension
Nicotinic -> hypertension
Muscarinic -> bradycardia
Bethanechol
4級氨
Muscarinic receptor agonist
Cause
GI and bladder motility increase
Treat
Neurogenic atony 神經元性乏力
Megacolon 巨結腸
Urine retention 尿滯留
Side effect
Cardiovascular constriction
Bronchospasm
Antidote
Atropine
Carbarchol
4級氨
Cause
Pupillary contract
隅角 increase
Intraoccular pressure decrease
Treat
Glaucoma
Pilocarpine
3級氨
Cross BBB
M3 agonist
Cause
Miosis
Ciliary muscle contract
Treat
Glaucoma (眼藥水）
Sjogren Syndrome 乾燥症 (口服)
Methacholine
診斷氣喘
治心搏過速
