Antihypertension

Question 1

Guanabenz

Answer 1

Reduce central sympathetic outflow

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
Sedative
Endocrine problem
Na/H2O retention
Rebound hypertension

Question 2

Guanfacine

Answer 2

Reduce central sympathetic outflow

Treat
hypertension

Side effect
Sedative
Endocrine problem
Na/H2O retention
Rebound hypertension

Question 3

Guanadrel

Answer 3

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
Interfere with tricyclic antidepressants

Question 4

Benazepril

Answer 4

Inhibit ACE convert angiotensin I to angiotensin II

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
Hyperkalemia (with thiadize)
Dry cough (bradykinin 無法分解）
Angioedema 水腫
Teratogenesis 畸胎（孕婦不能用）

Question 5

Captopril

Answer 5

Inhibit ACE convert angiotensin I to angiotensin II
Vasodilation

Treat
Hypertension
CHF

Side effect
Hyperkalemia (with thiadize)
Dry cough (bradykinin 無法分解）
Angioedema 水腫
Teratogenesis 畸胎（孕婦不能用）
Headache
Palpitation 心悸
Tachycardia
Fluid retention

Question 6

Enalapril

Answer 6

Inhibit ACE convert angiotensin I to angiotensin II
Vasodilation

Treat
Hypertension
CHF

Side effect
Hyperkalemia (with thiadize)
Dry cough (bradykinin 無法分解）
Angioedema 水腫
Teratogenesis 畸胎（孕婦不能用）
Headache
Palpitation 心悸
Tachycardia
Fluid retention

Question 7

Fosinopril

Answer 7

Inhibit ACE convert angiotensin I to angiotensin II

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
Hyperkalemia (with thiadize)
Dry cough (bradykinin 無法分解）
Angioedema 水腫
Teratogenesis 畸胎（孕婦不能用）

Question 8

Lisinopril

Answer 8

Inhibit ACE convert angiotensin I to angiotensin II
Vasodilation

Treat
Hypertension
CHF

Side effect
Hyperkalemia (with thiadize)
Dry cough (bradykinin 無法分解）
Angioedema 水腫
Teratogenesis 畸胎（孕婦不能用）
Headache
Palpitation 心悸
Tachycardia
Fluid retention

Question 9

Quinapril

Answer 9

Inhibit ACE convert angiotensin I to angiotensin II

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
Hyperkalemia (with thiadize)
Dry cough (bradykinin 無法分解）
Angioedema 水腫
Teratogenesis 畸胎（孕婦不能用）

Question 10

Ramipril

Answer 10

Inhibit ACE convert angiotensin I to angiotensin II

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
Hyperkalemia (with thiadize)
Dry cough (bradykinin 無法分解）
Angioedema 水腫
Teratogenesis 畸胎（孕婦不能用）

Question 11

Azilsartan

Answer 11

ARB (angiotensin receptor block)

Cause
Inhibit vasoconstriction
Reduce TPR, reduce BP
Inhibit ADH, inhibit Na/H2O retention, vessel tension decrease, reduce BP

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
Hyperkalemia (with thiadize)
Angioedema (水腫）
Teratogenesis 畸胎 (孕婦不能用）

Question 12

Candesartan

Answer 12

ARB (angiotensin receptor block)

Cause
Inhibit vasoconstriction
Reduce TPR, reduce BP
Inhibit ADH, inhibit Na/H2O retention, vessel tension decrease, reduce BP

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
Hyperkalemia (with thiadize)
Angioedema (水腫）
Teratogenesis 畸胎 (孕婦不能用）

Question 13

Eprosartan

Answer 13

ARB (angiotensin receptor block)

Cause
Inhibit vasoconstriction
Reduce TPR, reduce BP
Inhibit ADH, inhibit Na/H2O retention, vessel tension decrease, reduce BP

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
Hyperkalemia (with thiadize)
Angioedema (水腫）
Teratogenesis 畸胎 (孕婦不能用）

Question 14

Irbesartan

Answer 14

ARB (angiotensin receptor block)

Cause
Inhibit vasoconstriction
Reduce TPR, reduce BP
Inhibit ADH, inhibit Na/H2O retention, vessel tension decrease, reduce BP

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
Hyperkalemia (with thiadize)
Angioedema (水腫）
Teratogenesis 畸胎 (孕婦不能用）

Question 15

Losartan

Answer 15

ARB (angiotensin receptor block)

Cause
Inhibit vasoconstriction
Reduce TPR, reduce BP
Inhibit ADH, inhibit Na/H2O retention, vessel tension decrease, reduce BP

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
Hyperkalemia (with thiadize)
Angioedema (水腫）
Teratogenesis 畸胎 (孕婦不能用）

Question 16

Olmesartan

Answer 16

ARB (angiotensin receptor block)

Cause
Inhibit vasoconstriction
Reduce TPR, reduce BP
Inhibit ADH, inhibit Na/H2O retention, vessel tension decrease, reduce BP

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
Hyperkalemia (with thiadize)
Angioedema (水腫）
Teratogenesis 畸胎 (孕婦不能用）

Question 17

Telmisartan

Answer 17

ARB (angiotensin receptor block)

Cause
Inhibit vasoconstriction
Reduce TPR, reduce BP
Inhibit ADH, inhibit Na/H2O retention, vessel tension decrease, reduce BP

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
Hyperkalemia (with thiadize)
Angioedema (水腫）
Teratogenesis 畸胎 (孕婦不能用）

Question 18

Valsartan

Answer 18

ARB (angiotensin receptor block)

Cause
Inhibit vasoconstriction
Reduce TPR, reduce BP
Inhibit ADH, inhibit Na/H2O retention, vessel tension decrease, reduce BP

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
Hyperkalemia (with thiadize)
Angioedema (水腫）
Teratogenesis 畸胎 (孕婦不能用）

Question 19

Alpha-methyltyrosine

Answer 19

Inhibit NE synthesis
(Tyrosine to L-DOPA)

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
姿勢性低血壓
鼻塞
射精延遲
GI activity increase

Question 20

Carbidopa

Answer 20

Inhibit NE synthesis
(L-DOPA to DA)

Treat
Hypertension
Parkinson disease (with levodopa)

Side effect
姿勢性低血壓
鼻塞
射精延遲
GI activity increase

Question 21

Disulfiram

Answer 21

Inhibit NE synthesis
(DA to NE)

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
姿勢性低血壓
鼻塞
射精延遲
GI activity increase

Question 22

Nitroglycerin & nitrate

Answer 22

Vasodilator
Increase NO, cGMP

Treat
心絞痛必備
CHF
Raynaud’s disease

Side effect
Headache
Palpitation 心悸
Tachycardia
Fluid retention

Question 23

Hydralazine

Answer 23

NO increase
Vasodilation

Treat
Hypertension
CHF

Side effect
Headache
Palpitation 心悸
Tachycardia
Fluid retention
Lupus syndrome 紅斑性狼瘡
（autoimmune)

Question 24

Minoxidil

Answer 24

Vasodilation

Treat
hypertension
雄性禿

Side effect
Headache
Palpitation 心悸
Tachycardia
Fluid retention
多毛症

Question 25

Sodium nitroprusside

Answer 25

IV only
Vasodilator

Treat
Emergency hypertension crisis
Acute CHF

Side effect
Headache
Palpitation 心悸
Tachycardia
Fluid retention

Question 26

Diazoxide

Answer 26

Open K+ channel
急救用

Treat
Emergency hypertension
腎上腺髓瘤
高血壓腦病
主動脈剝離
腦出血