Adrenergic Antagonist Flashcards
Phentolamine
Alpha blocker
診斷嗜鉻性細胞腫瘤
Treat
hypertension
皮膚變白脫落(norepinephrine 副作用)
Side effect
姿態性低血壓
反射性心跳上升
鼻塞
射精延遲
Na/H2O retention
GI activity increase
Phenoxybenzamine
Alpha blocker
Irreversible binding
Treat
Pheochromocytoma
凍瘡
改善手腳末梢循環
Side effect
姿勢性低血壓
反射性心律過快
Propranolol
Beta blocker
口服可用率低
Cross BBB
Cause
Reduce renin (B1)
Bronchoconstriction (B2)
Uterus contraction (B2)
Decrease blood glucose
SA/AV node contractility decrease
O2 consumption decrease
Treat
Hypertension
甲狀腺亢奮
MI 心肌梗塞 後
Digitalis 引起的心律不整
慢性心絞痛
預防偏頭痛
緊張
Side effect
Rebound hypertension
Bronchoconstriction (氣喘患者小心使用）
性功能障礙
Fatigue/depression
Hypoglycemia
Nadolol
Beta 12 blocker
藥效比propranolol 長
Cross BBB
口服可用率低
Treat
Hypertension
甲狀腺亢奮
MI 後
心律不整
慢性心絞痛
預防偏頭痛
Side effect
Rebound hypertension
Bronchoconstriction (氣喘患者小心使用）
性功能障礙
Fatigue/depression
Hypoglycemia
Timolol
Treat
Hypertension
甲狀腺亢奮
MI 後
心律不整
慢性心絞痛
預防偏頭痛
Glaucoma 首選
Side effect
Rebound hypertension
Bronchoconstriction (氣喘患者小心使用）
性功能障礙
Fatigue/depression
Hypoglycemia
Labetalol
Alpha 1 Beta 12 blocker
Cause
Vasodilation
Treat
BPH
Hypertension
Prevent 反射性心律過快
Side effect
姿態性低血壓
Carvedilol
Alpha 1 Beta 12 blocker
Cause
HDL increase
LDL decrease
Treat
慢性心衰竭
充血性心衰竭 (CHF）
Note
適用於高血壓高血脂病人
Pindolol
內生性擬交感神經活性藥物(ISA)
Cause
Inhibit intrinsic stronger agonist
Increased drug affinity to receptor
Result HR at rest increase
Treat
Hypertension (for bradycardia 病人)
甲狀腺亢奮
MI 後
Digitalis 引起之心律不整
慢性心絞痛
預防偏頭痛
Side effect
Rebound hypertension
Bronchoconstriction (氣喘患者小心使用）
性功能障礙
Fatigue/depression
Hypoglycemia
Penbutolol
內生性擬交感神經活性藥物(ISA)
Cause
Inhibit intrinsic stronger agonist
Increased drug affinity to receptor
Result HR at rest increase
Treat
Hypertension (for bradycardia 病人)
Carteolol
內生性擬交感神經活性藥物(ISA)
Cause
Inhibit intrinsic stronger agonist
Increased drug affinity to receptor
Result HR at rest increase
Treat
Hypertension (for bradycardia 病人)
Side effect
Increased air resistance
Fatigue/depression
Rebound hypertension
Hypoglycemia
Acebutolol
內生性擬交感神經活性藥物(ISA)
Cause
Inhibit intrinsic stronger agonist
Increased drug affinity to receptor
Result HR at rest increase
Treat
Hypertension (for bradycardia 病人)
Prazosin
Alpha 1 blocker
Cause
膀胱括約肌 relax
Treat
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Hypertension
Raynaud’s disease
Side effect
第一次使用噁心 低血壓 頭暈
姿勢性低血壓
反射性心跳上升
鼻塞
射精延遲
Na/H2O retention
Headache
Palpitation 心悸
Tachycardia
Fluid retention
Terazosin
Alpha 1 blocker
Treat
Hypertension
BPH
Side effect
First dose syncope
姿勢性低血壓
反射性心率過快
鼻塞
射精延遲
Na/H2O retention
Doxazosin
Alpha 1 blocker
Treat
Hypertension
BPH
Side effect
First dose syncope
姿勢性低血壓
反射性心律過快
鼻塞
射精延遲
Na/H2O retention
Tamsulosin
Alpha 1A blocker
Treat
BPH
Side effect
First dose syncope
姿勢性低血壓
反射性心跳過快
鼻塞
射精延遲
Na/H2O retention
Indoramin
Alpha 1 blocker
Treat
Hypertension
Side effect
First dose syncope
姿勢性低血壓
反射性心跳過快
Yohimbine
Alpha 2 blocker
Increase NE
Banned (被Sildenafil 取代）
Cause
性器官vasodilation
Sildenafil 威而鋼
PDE5/MAO inhibitor
Increase cGMP
Treat
陽痿
Side effect
Headache
Palpitation 心悸
Tachycardia
Fluid retention
Mirtazapine
Alpha 2 blocker
Antidepressant
Esmolol
Beta 1 blocker
藥效極短
Beta blocker 唯一針劑
Treat
手術引起的心律不整(tachycardia)
Hypertension
Side effect
Increased air resistance
Fatigue/depression
Rebound hypertension
Hypoglycemia
Urapidil
Alpha 1 blocker
Alpha 2, 5HT agonist
Side effect
First dose syncope
姿勢性低血壓
反射性心律過快
Metoprolol
Beta 1 blocker
O2 consumption decrease
HR and contractility decrease
Treat
CHF
Post Myocardial infarction心肌梗塞後
Hypertension
Digitalis 引起之心律不整
Side effect
Increased air resistance
Fatigue/depression
Rebound hypertension
Hypoglycemia
Nebivolol
Beta 1 blocker
Cause
內皮細胞活化產生NO
增加insulin sensitivity
Treat
左心室衰竭
Reserpine
交感神經元拮抗
NE 5-HT DA decrease
空泡
Act on CNS
Treat
Hypertension
Huntingtons disease
Side effect
Sedative
Depression
Parkinson’s Disease
