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Pharmacology > Adrenergic Antagonist > Flashcards

Adrenergic Antagonist Flashcards

1
Q

Phentolamine

A

Alpha blocker
診斷嗜鉻性細胞腫瘤

Treat
hypertension
皮膚變白脫落(norepinephrine 副作用)

Side effect
姿態性低血壓
反射性心跳上升
鼻塞
射精延遲
Na/H2O retention
GI activity increase

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2
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

Alpha blocker
Irreversible binding

Treat
Pheochromocytoma
凍瘡
改善手腳末梢循環

Side effect
姿勢性低血壓
反射性心律過快

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3
Q

Propranolol

A

Beta blocker
口服可用率低
Cross BBB

Cause
Reduce renin (B1)
Bronchoconstriction (B2)
Uterus contraction (B2)
Decrease blood glucose
SA/AV node contractility decrease
O2 consumption decrease

Treat
Hypertension
甲狀腺亢奮
MI 心肌梗塞 後
Digitalis 引起的心律不整
慢性心絞痛
預防偏頭痛
緊張

Side effect
Rebound hypertension
Bronchoconstriction (氣喘患者小心使用）
性功能障礙
Fatigue/depression
Hypoglycemia

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4
Q

Nadolol

A

Beta 12 blocker
藥效比propranolol 長
Cross BBB
口服可用率低

Treat
Hypertension
甲狀腺亢奮
MI 後
心律不整
慢性心絞痛
預防偏頭痛

Side effect
Rebound hypertension
Bronchoconstriction (氣喘患者小心使用）
性功能障礙
Fatigue/depression
Hypoglycemia

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5
Q

Timolol

A

Treat
Hypertension
甲狀腺亢奮
MI 後
心律不整
慢性心絞痛
預防偏頭痛
Glaucoma 首選

Side effect
Rebound hypertension
Bronchoconstriction (氣喘患者小心使用）
性功能障礙
Fatigue/depression
Hypoglycemia

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6
Q

Labetalol

A

Alpha 1 Beta 12 blocker

Cause
Vasodilation

Treat
BPH
Hypertension

Prevent 反射性心律過快

Side effect
姿態性低血壓

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7
Q

Carvedilol

A

Alpha 1 Beta 12 blocker

Cause
HDL increase
LDL decrease

Treat
慢性心衰竭
充血性心衰竭 (CHF）

Note
適用於高血壓高血脂病人

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8
Q

Pindolol

A

內生性擬交感神經活性藥物(ISA)

Cause
Inhibit intrinsic stronger agonist
Increased drug affinity to receptor
Result HR at rest increase

Treat
Hypertension (for bradycardia 病人)
甲狀腺亢奮
MI 後
Digitalis 引起之心律不整
慢性心絞痛
預防偏頭痛

Side effect
Rebound hypertension
Bronchoconstriction (氣喘患者小心使用）
性功能障礙
Fatigue/depression
Hypoglycemia

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9
Q

Penbutolol

A

內生性擬交感神經活性藥物(ISA)

Cause
Inhibit intrinsic stronger agonist
Increased drug affinity to receptor
Result HR at rest increase

Treat
Hypertension (for bradycardia 病人)

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10
Q

Carteolol

A

內生性擬交感神經活性藥物(ISA)

Cause
Inhibit intrinsic stronger agonist
Increased drug affinity to receptor
Result HR at rest increase

Treat
Hypertension (for bradycardia 病人)

Side effect
Increased air resistance
Fatigue/depression
Rebound hypertension
Hypoglycemia

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11
Q

Acebutolol

A

內生性擬交感神經活性藥物(ISA)

Cause
Inhibit intrinsic stronger agonist
Increased drug affinity to receptor
Result HR at rest increase

Treat
Hypertension (for bradycardia 病人)

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12
Q

Prazosin

A

Alpha 1 blocker

Cause
膀胱括約肌 relax

Treat
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Hypertension
Raynaud’s disease

Side effect
第一次使用噁心 低血壓 頭暈
姿勢性低血壓
反射性心跳上升
鼻塞
射精延遲
Na/H2O retention
Headache
Palpitation 心悸
Tachycardia
Fluid retention

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13
Q

Terazosin

A

Alpha 1 blocker

Treat
Hypertension
BPH

Side effect
First dose syncope
姿勢性低血壓
反射性心率過快
鼻塞
射精延遲
Na/H2O retention

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14
Q

Doxazosin

A

Alpha 1 blocker

Treat
Hypertension
BPH

Side effect
First dose syncope
姿勢性低血壓
反射性心律過快
鼻塞
射精延遲
Na/H2O retention

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15
Q

Tamsulosin

A

Alpha 1A blocker

Treat
BPH

Side effect
First dose syncope
姿勢性低血壓
反射性心跳過快
鼻塞
射精延遲
Na/H2O retention

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16
Q

Indoramin

A

Alpha 1 blocker

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
First dose syncope
姿勢性低血壓
反射性心跳過快

17
Q

Yohimbine

A

Alpha 2 blocker
Increase NE
Banned (被Sildenafil 取代）

Cause
性器官vasodilation

18
Q

Sildenafil 威而鋼

A

PDE5/MAO inhibitor
Increase cGMP

Treat
陽痿

Side effect
Headache
Palpitation 心悸
Tachycardia
Fluid retention

19
Q

Mirtazapine

A

Alpha 2 blocker
Antidepressant

20
Q

Esmolol

A

Beta 1 blocker
藥效極短
Beta blocker 唯一針劑

Treat
手術引起的心律不整(tachycardia)
Hypertension

Side effect
Increased air resistance
Fatigue/depression
Rebound hypertension
Hypoglycemia

21
Q

Urapidil

A

Alpha 1 blocker
Alpha 2, 5HT agonist

Side effect
First dose syncope
姿勢性低血壓
反射性心律過快

22
Q

Metoprolol

A

Beta 1 blocker
O2 consumption decrease
HR and contractility decrease

Treat
CHF
Post Myocardial infarction心肌梗塞後
Hypertension
Digitalis 引起之心律不整

Side effect
Increased air resistance
Fatigue/depression
Rebound hypertension
Hypoglycemia

23
Q

Nebivolol

A

Beta 1 blocker

Cause
內皮細胞活化產生NO
增加insulin sensitivity

Treat
左心室衰竭

24
Q

Reserpine

A

交感神經元拮抗
NE 5-HT DA decrease
空泡
Act on CNS

Treat
Hypertension
Huntingtons disease

Side effect
Sedative
Depression
Parkinson’s Disease

25
Q

Guanethidine

A

交感神經元拮抗
Inhibit NE release from synapse
No CNS action

Treat
hypertension

Side effect
姿勢性低血壓
鼻塞
射精延遲
GI activity increase

26
Q

Bretylium

A

交感神經元拮抗
Class 3 (K channel blockade)
Inhibit NE release from synapse
No CNS action
Increase APD & ERP
Increase threshold

Treat
hypertension
Life threatening arrhythmias

Side effect
Severe hypotension

27
Q

Metyrosine

A

交感神經元拮抗
Inhibit tyrosine hydroxylase
DA NE Epi decrease

Treat
Pheochromocytoma

28
Q

Atenolol

A

Beta 1 blocker

Treat
Hypertension

Side effect
Increased air resistance
Fatigue/depression
Rebound hypertension
Hypoglycemia

29
Q

Betaxolol

A

Beta 1 blocker

Treat
Hypertension
Glaucoma

Side effect
Increased air resistance
Fatigue/depression
Rebound hypertension
Hypoglycemia

Pharmacology (8 decks)

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