chn ward finals Flashcards
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9003
Waste Management and Different Types of Toilets and Water Supply
“Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
s Republic Act No. 9003
The Philippines’ Republic Act 9003 (RA 9003), also known as the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act
of 2000, was enacted on
January 26, 2001.
is considered as the most comprehensive act which
declares the “policy of the state to adopt a systematic, comprehensive, and ecological solid waste management
program which shall ensure the protection of public health and environment”
RA 9003
refer to the systematic administration of activities which provides
for segregation at source, segregated transportation, storage, transfer, processing, treatment, and disposal of
solid waste and all other waste management activities which do not harm the environment.
Ecological solid waste management
refer to the act of providing a place for collecting source-separated recyclable
material, located either at a disposal site or at another
Opportunity to recycle
are biodegradable wastes such as food waste, garden waste,
animal waste, and human waste
Compostable Waste
. They undergo biological degradation under controlled conditions and can
be turned into compost (soil conditioner or organic fertilizer) by mixing them with soil, water, air and
biological additives/activators (optional).
Compostable Waste
refer to any waste material retrieved from the waste stream and
free from contamination that can still be converted into suitable beneficial use.
Recyclable Waste
These may be transformed
into new products in such a manner that the original products may lose their identity.
Recyclable Waste
are solid waste materials that are non-compostable and non-recyclable.
It should be disposed ecologically through a long-term disposal facility or sanitary landfill
Residual Waste -
refer to household hazardous wastes
Special Waste -
Waste generators are required to separate biodegradable, recyclable,
residual, and special wastes to promote recycling and composting.
Segregation at Source:
in every
barangay or cluster of barangays to manage waste segregation and recovery.
Materials Recovery Facilities (MRFs):
is prohibited. Controlled
dumps were to be phased out by 2006 and replaced with sanitary landfills, which must adhere to
strict environmental standards.
Prohibition of Open Dumps
Commercial establishments are mandated to avoid using nonenvironmentally acceptable packaging, with penalties for violations.
Producer Responsibility:
Encourages the public to practice reduce, reuse, repurpose, and recycle to
minimize waste generation.
. Five 4s Principle: E
Businesses are encouraged to adopt sustainable waste
management practices and develop environment-friendly products through appropriate
incentives
Incentives for Eco-Friendly Practices:
: Sections 48 and 49 detail specific prohibited acts and corresponding fines
and penalties.
Penalties for Violations:
s is guided by Republic Act No. 9003, the Ecological Solid
Waste Management Act of 2000. This law establishes a framework for systematic, comprehensive, and
ecological waste management practices.
solid waste management (SWM)
: Sanitary landfills are the recommended method for final waste disposal,
replacing open and controlled dumpsites.
Proper Disposal:
: LGUs and private sectors promote recycling programs and
composting practices for biodegradable waste. Efforts are ongoing to improve recycling rates across the
country
Recycling and Composting:
: Collection inefficiencies are addressed by proper scheduling,
training of personnel, and ensuring equipment availability and maintenance.
Waste Collection and Transport:
s are any solid, liquid, or gaseous material that poses a significant threat to human health
and the environment.
Hazardous wastes
t. It encompasses a variety of sources, from industrial byproducts to electronic
products like pesticides and batteries.
Hazardous Waste
Substances that easily catch fire under standard conditions.
Ignitability:
Materials that corrode metals or have extreme pH levels.
Corrosivity
: Substances that can cause explosions, toxic fumes, or vapors when subjected to heat,pressure, or contact with water.
Reactivity:
Materials harmful or fatal upon ingestion, inhalation, or skin absorption.
Toxicity:
Acids, alkalis, caustics, leachate, petroleum (and its derivatives), and process or treatment
wastewaters.
liquids
Semi-solid substances resulting from process or treatment operations or residues from
storage or use of liquids
sludges
Paints or pigments.
Solidified chemicals
Generated by manufacturing or industrial processes.
Dredge spoil
Equipment, instruments, utensils, and fomites of a disposable nature from patients
who are suspected to have or have been diagnosed as having communicable diseases.
Infectious waste:
Pathological specimens (e.g., tissues, blood elements, excreta, and secretions
obtained from patients or laboratory animals).
Laboratory wastes:
- Paints, thinners, household batteries, lead-acid batteries, spray canisters
Household Hazardous Wastes:
Computers, televisions, cell phones, and other electronic devices contain hazardous materials like
lead, mercury, and cadmium.
Electronic Waste (E-waste):
- Tailings, mine drainage, and other waste materials generated from mining activities
mining waste
The act emphasizes preventing hazardous waste generation.
Source Reduction and Waste Minimization
Streamlining industrial processes to reduce waste byproducts and improve
efficiency.
Process Optimization:
Replacing harmful raw materials with environmentally friendly alternatives
Product Substitution:
: Finding new applications for materials that would otherwise be discarded.
Waste Reuse:
Recovering and reusing solvents through purification processes.
Spent Solvent Purification
Recovering valuable metals from electronic waste and other sources
Metal Recycling
The act emphasizes preventing the migration of hazardous waste into the environment.
Containment
Using specially designed landfills equipped with safeguards to prevent hazardous
constituents from escaping into the environment.
secure landfills
Hazardous waste can seep into the ground, contaminating soil and
affecting plant growth
soil contamination
This can introduce harmful chemicals into the food chain and degrade soil
quality, impacting the broader ecosystem.
soil contamination
Leachate from waste can contaminate groundwater and surface water
sources, posing risks to aquatic life and potentially entering the human food chain. Contaminated
water sources can also render water unsafe for drinking and agriculture.
water pollution
Hazardous waste can release toxic fumes or gasses into the atmosphere,
degrading air quality, harming wildlife, and posing respiratory threats to humans.
air pollution
Some hazardous chemicals can accumulate in living
organisms, becoming more concentrated in the bodies of top predators.
Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification
: Improper disposal sites or spills can destroy habitats, making them
unsuitable for native plants and animals, leading to a decrease in biodiversity and disrupting the
balance of ecosystems.
- Habitat Disruption:
Hazardous wastes can alter fundamental ecological
processes, such as the pH level of water bodies or the nitrogen and carbon cycles.
Alteration of Ecological Processes
refers to a basic or rudimentary sanitation facility that lacks
certain essential features for ensuring proper hygiene and waste management
unimproved toilet
one of the basic needs that ensure and promote the health
of people in developing countries.
Adequate sanitation and toilets
: Found in urban and developed areas, connected to septic
tanks or sewer systems
Standard Flush Toilets:
Designed to save water, offering full or partial flush options
Dual-Flush Toilets:
Manually pouring water is required to flush waste.
o Common in rural areas with limited water supply.
Pour-Flush Toilets
Treat human waste through aerobic decomposition.
o Ideal for areas without access to water or sewage systems.
Composting Toilets
o Traditional Pit Latrine: A simple hole in the ground, covered by a structure for
privacy.
o Ventilated Improved Pit (VIP) Latrine: Includes a vent pipe to reduce odors and fly
infestations.
Pit Latrines
Waste is collected in a bucket and later disposed of in a designated location.
o They are used in areas with no plumbing infrastructure.
Bucket Toilets
Separate urine and feces for nutrient recycling.
o Promotes sustainability by reusing human waste as fertilizer.
EcoSan Toilets (Ecological Sanitation)
While not directly addressed by RA 9003, wastewater (from flush
toilets) can generate solid waste (sludge) that needs proper disposal.
Wastewater Treatment
Toilets that minimize water consumption, like dry or composting
toilets, help align with RA 9003’s emphasis on reducing resource use and environmental impact.
- Sustainable Water Use
: Toilets like composting systems promote resource recovery by converting
waste into usable compost, supporting RA 9003’s principles of recycling and resource
conservation.
- Resource Recovery
o Centralized systems that deliver water to households via pipes.
o Common in urban and semi-urban areas.
Piped Water Supply
o Extract water from underground aquifers.
o Used in areas without access to piped water.
- Deep Wells and Hand Pumps
Collect and store rainwater for use in sanitation and irrigation.
o Encouraged in RA 9003 as a sustainable water source.
- Rainwater Harvesting Systems
o Shared water storage systems are supplied by delivery trucks or wells.
- Community Water Tanks
o Utilized from rivers, lakes, or streams, often treated before use.
- Surface Water
o Convert seawater to freshwater, applicable in coastal regions.
Desalination Plants
, refer to small-scale water sources that typically
provide water to individuals or a very small community.
Level 1, or point source water facilities,
These are often basic water access
points that do not require an extensive infrastructure network.
Level 1, or point source water facilities,
s are designed to serve multiple households within a community, often
through public taps or standpipes.
Level 2 (Communal Faucet or Standposts)
These are communal water points where water is piped to
a central location accessible to several users.
Level 2 (Communal Faucet or Standposts)
involve direct connections to individual households, often through a
full-scale water distribution system managed by municipal or private entities.
Level 3 (Individual House Connection or Waterworks Systems)
Proper waste disposal and sanitation facilities are critical for public
healTH
Sanitation and Hygiene -
Toilets should be designed to minimize environmental impact, especially
in terms of water usage and waste disposal.
- Waste Management
- Education on proper waste segregation and management is essential for
effective implementation of RA 9003.
Community Awareness -
S in SANTALUBBY
Sambong
A in SANTALUBBY
Akapulko
N in in SANTALUBBY
niyog-niyogan
T in SANTALUBBY
tsaang bato
A before L in SANTALUBBY
ampalaya
L in SANTALUBBY
Lagundi
U in in SANTALUBBY
ulasimang bato
first B in in SANTALUBBY
bawang
secong B in in SANTALUBBY
Bayabas
Anti-edema
Diuretic
Anti-urolithiasis
sambong
Anti-helmintic( used to expel parasitic worms)
niyug-niyogan
Lowers blood sugar levels
○ Diabetes Mellitus( Mild-non insulin dependent)
ampalaya
Asthma and cough
Fever, Dysentery, Colds &Pain
Skin diseases and wounds
Headache
Rheumatism, sprain, contusions, insect bites.
Aromatic bath for sick patients
lagundi
Lowers uric acid (Rheumatism and Gout)
ulasimang bato
For hypertension
○Toothache
○Lowers cholesterol levels
in the blood
bawang
○For washing wounds
○ For toothache
○ For diarrhea
bayabas
For pain in different parts of the body as headache, stomach ache.
Rheumatism, arthritis and headache
Cough and cold
Swollen gums & toothache
Menstrual and gas pain
Nausea and fainting
Insect bites & Pruritus
yerma buena
known as TAMA
RA 8423
Meaning of TAMA
Traditional and Alternative Medicine Act of 1997
