China 2 - agricultural and industrial changes Flashcards
What law introduced in 1950 removed the power of landlords?
the Agrarian Reform Law
How much did agricultural production increase by per year between 1950-1952?
15%
Estimated number of landlords executed?
1-2 million
How many households in an APC?
30 to 50
What was an APC
Agricultural Producer’s Cooperative
What percentage of peasants were in Higher-Level APCs by the end of 1956?
almost 88%
When did Mao adopt many of Lysenko’s ideas?
the mid 50s
What agricultural techniques contributed to the famine of 1958-62?
Lysenkoism
Estimated deaths of the Great Famine 1958-62?
30 to 50 million
By when had agriculture recovered from the great leap forward due to Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping’s policies?
1965
When was Mao’s first five year plan?
1952-56
When was the Sino-Soviet Mutual Assistance Treaty signed?
February 1950
How much did the USSR loan to China over 5 years from 1950?
300 million dollars over 5 years, as well as steel plants and machinery plants etc.
Successes of Mao’s first 5 year plan? (5)
- most targets reached or surpassed
- pop. in cities doubled
- living standards + job security guaranteed
- improved housing, health care and education
- big infrastructure projects good for propaganda - e.g bridge over Yangtze
Failures of Mao’s first 5 year plan? (4)
- quantity over quality
- lack of experience of administrators led to lack of cooperation between industries and central planners
- big projects poorly planned
- no change to agriculture - leading to Mao pushing collectivisation and subsequent disaster
When was the second 5 year plan aka Great Leap Forward?
1958-62
State control in the Great Leap Forward (4)
- controlled prices and production targets
- set wages
- all industrial firms turned into state-owned enterprises
- workers given homes, healthy care and education no matter how productive - little incentive
Successes of the Great Leap Forward?
- increase in raw materials
- remodelled Tiananmen square
- banning of private property ideologically brought communism closer to