Childhood Maltreatment :( - Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is child abuse defined as?

A

Any recent act or failure to act on that results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse, exploitation, or risk of harm…” Child abuse prevention and treatment act, 2010

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2
Q

What are the 4 types of maltreatment? Which is #1?

A

Neglect, Physical abuse, psychological maltreatment, sexual abuse. Neglect is #1

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3
Q

Neglect - failure to provide the child’s basic needs. T/F?

A

True

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4
Q

What are some contributing factors of neglect?

A

Lack of knowledge (I didn’t know I was supposed to feed my baby that many times!), lack of resources, and substance abuse by the caretaker

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5
Q

What is psychological abuse?

A

pattern of behavior where the child is made to feel unloved, worthless, flawed, or endangered.

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6
Q

What is NCANDS?

A

National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System - data on child abuse.

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7
Q

Who are mandated reporters of child abuse?

A

HCP’s, teachers, school staff, social workers, police officers, day care providers.

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8
Q

It is estimated that roughly 681,000 kids were victims of abuse in 2011. T/F?

A

true - that’s 681,000 too many.

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9
Q

Abuse has boundaries - only certain kids get abused. T/F?

A

FALSE - it knows no boundaries

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10
Q
A

True :(

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11
Q

Boys - higher rate of death from abuse than girls. T/F?

A

True

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12
Q

80% of perpetrators were parents, 40% female, 60% male, 75% under the age of 40.
T/F?

A

True

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13
Q

What are some risk factors for abuse?

A

children with a disability, kids with behavioral problems, medical conditions, preemies, congenital defects, chronic illness, multiple birth, developmental disabilities, etc.

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14
Q

What type of caregivers are at risk for being an abuser?

A

Abused themselves, young, stressed, low self esteem, history of drug/alcohol abuse, history of mental illness

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15
Q

What are some characteristics of the abuser?

A

little concern, little interaction with child, blames the child, sees the kid as a burden, demanding, wants the child to fulfill parental needs

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16
Q

Poverty, divorce, unemployment….don’t help the abuser. T/F?

A

True

17
Q

What are some red flags for abuse?

A

Cries (or doesn’t cry when it should be painful), EXTREME mood swings, does not look to mom or dad for reassurance, always fearful, withdrawn, does not want to leave hospital, incompatible injury***, delay in seeking treatment, told to keep secrets, plays on fears, etc.

18
Q

If the history changes or evolves, we should worry. T/F?

A

True

19
Q

How should we ask kids about a suspected abuse?

A

CLARIFY, not investigate. “Tell me about this bruise. Tell me what happened” NOT “Did daddy do this to you?”

20
Q

Physical abuse - injuries can be anywhere. T/F?

A

True

21
Q

Bruises aren’t always a sign…but many bruises in different healing stages could be. T/F?

A

True

22
Q

Maxillary intercanine distance >3cm indicates what?

A

An adult bite. :(

23
Q

Normal developmental bruises are on soft spots. T/F?

A

FALSE - they are on bony prominences.

24
Q

Bites on butt, inside legs, cheeks, upper lip, inside mouth - alright to see. T/F?

A

FALSE - these are a major red flag.

25
Q

fractures - red flag if they don’t match the history. T/F?

A

true

26
Q

what kinds of injuries cause a high index of suspicion?

A

Injuries to both sides of the body, injuries to soft tissues, injuries with patterns, injuries that do not match what was explained, injuries that were not treated.

27
Q

What are the priorities of care for these kids?

A

necessary medical care, protection, DOCUMENTATION, photos, skeletal series, CPS notification

28
Q

Shaken Baby Syndrome - shaking for __ to __ seconds can cause bleeding in and around the brain.

A

2-3 seconds

29
Q

What is SBS now called? what was it called?

A

Shaken Impact Syndrome - was called Parent-Infant Stress Syndrome in the 40’s when it was identified.

30
Q

SBS - what can happen after?

A

Could be fatal, could cause trauma, learning disabilities, etc.

31
Q

SBS can occur by a young sibling.

SBS can occur while bouncing a baby.

SBC can occur if the baby rolls of the couch.

T/F?

A

FALSE to all…usually it’s a teenager or above.

32
Q

What are some signs and symptoms of SBS?

A

vague, subdural hematoma, increased ICP (vomiting, bulging fontanel), retinal hemorrhages (KEY), seizure, dilated pupils, lethargy, apnea.

33
Q

Retinal hemorrhages - huge sign of SBS. T/F?

A

True

34
Q

The wife is usually the one doing SBS. T/F?

A

FALSE - usually the BF.

35
Q

Why are kids at risk for SBS? Long term complications?

A

Risk because of big heads, weak neck muscles, immature brain.

Complications include learning disabilities, cerebral palsy, visual impairment, seizure disorder.

36
Q

Education isn’t important with SBS. T/F?

A

FALSE - it is very important. Prevention is key!

37
Q

What is munchausen syndrome by proxy?

A

Discovered in 1977, it is the fabrication of symptoms and history reported by the parent (it’s done to the kid). Usually done by the mother, too. :(

38
Q

What are some characteristics of MSbP?

A

prolonged, unusual illness, history of SIDS, overly attached parent, parent with medical knowledge.

39
Q

Are there adverse effects of MSbP?

A

Yes, kids can have many disabilities because of it.