childhood infections Flashcards
how does chicken pox present?
varcicella-zoster virus
- fever initially
- Itchy rash in head and trunk- before spreading
- initial macular papular rash before becoming vesicular
- systemic upset is mild
how does measles present?
prodrome- irritable, conjunctivitis, fever
koplik spots in mucal mucosa
rash behind the ears and then to whole body
how does mumps present?
Fever, malaise, muscular pain
Parotitis (‘earache’, ‘pain on eating’): unilateral initially then becomes bilateral in 70%
how does rubella present?
Rash: pink maculopapular, initially on face before spreading to whole body, usually fades by the 3-5 day
forschiemer spots on soft palate
Lymphadenopathy: suboccipital and postauricular
what is another name for slapped cheeck syndrome?
erythema infectiosum- caused by pavovirus B19
how does erythema infectiousum present?
- lethargy, fever, headache
slapped cheek rash spreading to arms and extensor surfaces
which organism causes scarlet fever?
group A haemolytic streptococci
how does scarlet fever present?
Fever, malaise, tonsillitis
‘Strawberry’ tongue
Rash - fine punctate erythema sparing the area around the mouth (circumoral pallor)
which organism is responsible for hand foot and mouth disease?
coxsackie A16 virus
how does hand foot and mouth sidease present?
Mild systemic upset: sore throat, fever
Vesicles in the mouth and on the palms and soles of the feet
how does roseola present?
very common in babies and todlers
Roseola is characterised by high fever lasting for 3–5 days, runny nose, irritability and tiredness. As the fever subsides a rash (exanthem) may appear on the face and body.
baby can be looked after at home
how does roseola spread?
Roseola is spread from person to person via the saliva of asymptomatic family members- exlusion from school or nursery is not needed
what is the causative organism of roseola?
HHV-6
