Childhood disorders

Question 1

Fill in the gaps in the following sentences…
1. 1 in _ children have a diagnosable mental health disorder
2. 1 in _ aged 16-24 has symptoms of a common mental health disorder
3. Half of all MHP manifest by age __ and __% by age 24

Answer 1

1. 8
2. 6
3. 14, 75%

Question 2

What is anxiety?

Answer 2

A normal emotion - fear stress, worry, nervous

Question 3

When does anxiety become a problem?
When d____ is i____ or out of p____ to real t____

Answer 3

When danger is imagined or out of proportion to real threat

Question 4

What are the three parts of anxiety?

Answer 4

1. Body (physiology)
2. Thoughts (cognition)
3. Actions (behaviour)

Question 5

Fill in the gaps:
Anxiety becomes a disorder when…
1. Worry about a ______ _______ or multiple _____ of life
2. Worry is ______ compared to that experienced by peers or is ___-________
3. Worry leads to ______ of events
4. Worry causes significant _____ and/or _____ in daily activities

Answer 5

1. Particular, event, areas
2. Excessive, age-inappropriate
3. Avoidance
4. Distress, interference

Question 6

What are three possible impacts of anxiety disorders on children?

Answer 6

1. Less likely to have satisfying social relationships
2. Have higher ongoing usage of health facilities
3. Live a life of “missed opportunity”

Question 7

Separation anxiety disorder involves excessive anxiety concerning separation from what two things?

Answer 7

1. Home
2. Attachment figures

Question 8

What are three types of anxiety in children?

Answer 8

1. Separation anxiety disorder
2. Generalised anxiety disorder
3. Social anxiety disorder

Question 9

Social anxiety disorder involves pronounced and persistent fear of what?

Answer 9

Social situations in which embarrassment or negative social evaluation may occur, or encountering unfamiliar people

Question 10

What is meant by a specific phobia?

Answer 10

Intense and persistent fear of specific object or situation
Avoidance and distress caused when confronted

Question 11

What is involved in panic disorder?

Answer 11

Recurrent, unexpected panic attacks for no apparent reason
Attacks involved intense fear accompanied by somatic symptoms and catastrophic cognitions

Question 12

What is agoraphobia?

Answer 12

Persistent fear of certain environments, typically crowded places

Question 13

What are the two types of depression?

Answer 13

Unipolar
Bipolar

Question 14

Define comorbidity

Answer 14

The presence of more than one disorder occurring together

Question 15

How do we tend to measure depression and anxiety?
Use q____ measures of s____ or d____ i____

Answer 15

Typically use questionnaire measures of symptomatology or diagnostic interviews

Question 16

What are the gold-standard for diagnosing anxiety and depression in children?

Answer 16

Anxiety: Anxiety Disorder Interview Schedule (ADIS)
Depression: Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia in School Age Children (Kiddie-SADS)

Question 17

What are four problems with diagnosing?
1. C____ approach
2. High c____ between diagnoses
3. Results in l____
4. Tells us nothing about c____

Answer 17

1. Categorical (all or nothing) approach
2. High comorbidity between diagnoses
3. Results in labeling
4. Tells us nothing about cause

Question 18

What are some comorbidities of anxiety?

Answer 18

Children with anxiety disorders are 8 – 29 times more likely to be diagnosed with depression
Anxiety is strongly associated with subsequent depression tripartite model – negative affect (associated with both anxiety and depression), low positive affect is associated with depression, high physiological arousal associated with anxiety