Child Psych Unit 1 Lecture Notes Flashcards
Diathesis-Stress Model
Biological Vulnerability + Psychosocial or Environmental Factors = Psychopathology
Internalizing Disorders
Not readily seen, internal
Overcontrol
Mood/anxiety
Females, increase with age
Externalizing Disorders
Obvious, bothersome, outward
Under control
Conduct, behavioral, ADHD
Males, decrease with age
Childhood Referrals
More likely to be for externalizing problems from caregivers
Children are more concerned with internalizing
Psychoanalysis Founders
Freud and Jung from Europe
Behaviorists
Skinner and Watson from USA
Humanists
Rogers and Maslow
USA and Europe
Neo-Freudians
Psychoanalysis + Humanists
Horney, Fromm, Erickson
Trait Theorists
Psychoanalysis + Behavior
Cattell, Eysenck
Social Learning Theory
Cognitive Behavioral Theory
Behaviorist + Humanistic
Beck, Michenbaum
Intelligence
Ability to learn, adapt, reason, and problem solve
Wechsler- Grandfather of intelligence
Neuropsychology
Clinical study and evaluation of brain-cognition relationships
Fathered by Dr. Arthur Benton
Assumes that behavior and cognition are linked to brain areas
Neuropsychological assessment
Measurement of a person’s strengths and weakness
Clinical interview, formal testing, and results/feedback
Achievement Tests
Domains in reading, arithmetic, spelling, and written expression
Test real-world ability
Personality
Characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting in familiar situations
20-50% heritable
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
True/false questionnaire with 575 items
Three scales- Validity, clinical, and content
Large normative data pool
Redundant, not discriminative
NEO-PI-R
Test for “Big 5 theory of personality”
Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness
Robert’s Apperception Test for Children (RATC)
Thematic appercetion test for children with detailed scoring guide and normative data
RATC adaptive scales
Reliance
Support
Limit setting
Problem identification
Resolution
RATC clinical scales
Anxiety
Aggression
Depression
Rejection
Unresolved
Criteria for Categorical Systems
Defined by measurable, defined, and regularly co-occurring symptoms
Reliable and consistent
Good validity
Economical
Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)
Developed by Achenback
Most used dimensional system
Scored on 8 dimensions:
Withdrawn
Somatic
Anxious/depressed
Social problems
Thought problems
Attention
Rule-breaking
Aggression
DSM I
1950
Glossary of 106 categories
DSM II
1968
Glossary of 168 categories
DSM III
1980
Explicit diagnostic criteria for 265 disorders
Introduced multiaxial system
DSM III-R
1987
Increased to 292 diagnostic categories
DSM IV
1994
3 stage revision process
Written by committee
Literature review, data analysis, and field trials
DSM IV-TR
2000
Revisions based on research
300+ categories
DSM 5
Reorganized categories
Removed multiaxial system
Axis I
Clinical disorders and other psychiatric concerns
Axis II
Mental retardation and personality disorders
Psychiatric conditions that will not resolve with time
Axis III
General medical conditions with psychiatric relevance
Axis IV
Psychosocial or environmental problems that contribute to psychopathology
Axis V
Global Assessment of Functioning on 0-100 scale
