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child psychopathology > Child Psych Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Child Psych Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Anxiety

A

Mood state with strong negative emotions and bodily symptoms of tension involving fear

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2
Q

Anxiety disorders

A

Experiencing excessive and debilitating anxieties

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3
Q

Physical Anxiety Symptoms

A

Adrenaline and noradrenaline released
Increase heart rate and force
Breathing increase
Sweating
Pupils widen
Digestive sytem relaxes
Muscle tension

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4
Q

Cognitive Anxiety Symptoms

A

Fight or flight
Distorted thought patterns

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5
Q

Behavioral Anxiety Symptoms

A

Aggression
Escape behaviors
Restlessness
Irritability
Avoidant tendencies

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6
Q

Normal Fears

A

Loss of physical support
Intense sensory stimuli
Strangers
Sudden, unexpected looming objects
Natural forces
Animals
Death
School and performance
Germs and illness
Rejection

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7
Q

Separation Anxiety Disorder

A

Age inappropriate excessive, disabling distress related to separation from attachment figures
School refusal
Nightmares and sleep complaints
Last at lease 4 weeks
Early onset- 7-8

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8
Q

Specific Phobia

A

Marked fear or anxiety about specific objects or situations for at least 6 months
Most common anxiety disorder (20%)
Peak 10-13 years old

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9
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder (SOC) Social Phobia

A

Marked and persistent fear of social or performance requirements that expose to scrutiny and possible embarrassment
Lasts for over 6 months
6-12%, 2x as many girls

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10
Q

Selective Mutism

A

Failure to speak in specific social situations that expect speaking, despite knowledge of spoken language that may present in other settings
Interferes with education or work
Presents for over one month
Average onset 3-4

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11
Q

Panic Disorder

A

Display recurrent unexpected panic attacks followed by at least one month of worry
16% of teens, average onset 15-19
Related to stressful life events

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12
Q

Panic Attack

A

Sudden and overwhelming period of intense fear or discomfort that is accompanied by 4+ physical or cognitive symptoms
Trigger fight-or-flight symptoms

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13
Q

Agoraphobia

A

Marked fear or anxiety of certain places or situations related to difficulty escaping or receiving help
Related to panic disorder
Lasts 6 months or more
2.5% panic + agoraphobia

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14
Q

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A

Excessive and uncontrollable anxiety and worry about many events or activities on most days
Restlessness, fatigue, irritability, etc.
More days than not for 6 months
2.2% lifetime prevalence
Onset in early adolescence

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15
Q

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

A

Recurrent, time-consuming, and disturbing obsessions and compulsions
1-2.5% lifetime prevalence
2x as many boys
Average onset 9-12

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16
Q

Obsessions

A

Persistent and intrusive thoughts, urges or images
Unwanted, cause anxiety and distress
Raise tension

17
Q

Compulsions

A

Repetitive, purposeful, and intentional behaviors or mental acts to suppress or neutralize obsessions
Reduce tension

18
Q

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

A

Preoccupation with defects or flaws in physical appearance that are not observable to others
Repetitive behaviors or mental acts

19
Q

Hoarding Disorder

A

Persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions regardless of actual value
Accumulation of possessions that congest and clutter living areas

20
Q

Trichotillomania

A

Recurrent pulling out of one’s hair, resulting in hair loss

21
Q

Excoriation Disorder

A

Recurrent skin picking resulting in lesions

22
Q

Associated Characteristics with Anxiety

A

Cognitive Disturbances
Physical Symptoms
Social and Emotional Deficits
Negative affect

23
Q

Psychoanalytic Theory of Anxiety

A

Defend against unconscious conflict in early childhood
Negative emotions displaced onto self

24
Q

Behavioral and Learning Theory of Anxiety

A

Classical conditioning
Persist through operant conditioning- Reinforce and reward anxious thought patterns
Social learning

25
Q

Theory of attachment theory of anxiety

A

Rooted in necessary emotional attachment to caregivers
Negative attachment experiences

26
Q

Temperament Theory of Anxiety

A

High threshold for novelty is protective
Behavioral inhibition, shy tendencies, withdrawal, and fearful temperaments predispose for anxiety

27
Q

Genetic Theory of Anxiety

A

30-40% heritability
Inherit anxious dispositions

28
Q

Neurobiological Theory of Anxiety

A

Chronic high cortisol- HPA Axis
Overactive and enlarged amygdala
GABA and serotonin mediated
Overactive behavioral inhibition

29
Q

Family Theory of Anxiety

A

Over-involved, limiting, excessive, or intrusive parenting
Chronic family dysfunction

30
Q

Keys of Anxiety Treatment

A

Distorted information processing
Physiological reactions to perceived threats
Sense of a lack of control
Excessive escape and avoidant behaviors

31
Q

Behavioral Approaches to Treating Anxiety

A

Exposure-focused
Systematic desensitization
Flooding- One-session exposure

32
Q

Cognitive Behavioral Approach to Anxiety

A

Most effective
Focus on identifying and modifying maladaptive thoughts
Skills training, role-play, modelling
Exposure and relaxation training
Can include family

33
Q

Medications to treat anxiety

A

SSRIs- Effective for OCD
Few medications for anxiety

child psychopathology (8 decks)

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