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Paediatrics > Child Protection and Non-Accidental Injury > Flashcards

Child Protection and Non-Accidental Injury Flashcards

1
Q

Who is the “named person” from birth until school attendance?

A

Health visitor

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2
Q

Who is the “named person” for school aged children?

A

Head teacher

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3
Q

What are some categories of abuse?

A 
Physical Abuse
Sexual Abuse
Emotional Abuse
Fabricated and Induced Illness
Neglect
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4
Q

What are 3 red flags for physical abuse?

A

Late presentation
History changes on repeating
History inconsistent with findings

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5
Q

What are some common sites for accidental injury?

A 
Forehead
Crown
Palms
Spinous processes
Elbow
Iliac crests
Knees 
Shins
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6
Q

What are some common sites for NAI’s?

A 
Ears
Eyes
Mouth
Neck 
Shoulders
Back of hands
Chest
Upper arm
Inner arm
Genitals
Stomach
Inner, front and back of thigh
Buttocks
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7
Q

What are some concerning factors in bruising?

A 
Any bruise in non mobile infant
Petechiae
Clusters
Extensive injuries with no explanation
Injury not consistent with history or developmental level
Location of bruise
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8
Q

How do you differentiate between impetigo and cigarette burn?

A 
Both circular
Burns often infected
Look for distribution
Look for burnt hair
Healing
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9
Q

What is the most common cause of death in physical abuse?

A

Abusive head trauma

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10
Q

What are some consequences of abusive head trauma?

A 
Mortality up to 30%
Half have residual disability
Presentation variable
Retinal haemorrhages seen in 80%
Neck and cervical spine injury
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11
Q

What is neglect?

A

Ongoing failure to meet a child’s basic needs

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12
Q

What is the most common form of child abuse?

A

Neglect

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13
Q

How might neglect present?

A

Child might be left hungry or dirty, or without proper clothing, shelter, supervision or health care

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14
Q

What are some different categories of neglect?

A 
Emotional
Abandonment
Medical
Nutritional/FTT
Educational
Physical
Failure to provide supervision
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15
Q

What is emotional abuse?

A

Any type of abuse that involves the continual emotional mistreatment of a child
Can involve deliberately trying to scare, humiliate, isolate or ignore a child

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16
Q

How might emotional abuse present in a child?

A

Behavioural/developmental difficulties
Wary/anxious child
Placid non-demanding baby
Self harm

17
Q

What is sexual abuse?

A

Forced or tricked into sexual activities
They might not understand that what’s happening is abuse or that it’s wrong
Might be afraid to tell someone

18
Q

What is contact abuse?

A

Sexual touching of any part of a child’s body, whether they’re clothed or not
Using a body part or object to rape or penetrate a child
forcing a child to take part in sexual activities
Making a child undress or touch someone else

19
Q

Does touching, kissing and oral sex still count as contact/sexual abuse?

A

Yes

20
Q

What is non-contact abuse?

A

Can be in person or online
Exposing or flashing
showing pornography
Exposing a child to sexual acts
Making them masturbate
Forcing a child to make, view or share child abuse images or videos
Making, viewing or distributing child abuse images or videos

21
Q

What can be some indicators of sexual abuse?

A

Disclosure
Sexualised behaviour
STI
Pregnancy

22
Q

What is FII?

A

Fabricated or induced illness
Fabrication: making up the symptoms of an illness
Induction: causing a child to become unwell

23
Q

Which parent is usually involved in FII?

A

Mother

24
Q

What are some factors in CSA/forensic examination?

A 
Joint Paediatrician/Forensic Medical Examiner
Do not repeat interview
Video Colposcope
General Physical Examination
Developmental Assessment
25
Q

What do we do after history, examination and clinical investigations have been completed?

A

Reach a preliminary opinion
Consult with other agencies
Give a revised opinion, if needed

26
Q

Which agency/group must always be informed when there is grounds for concern that a child is being neglected or abused?

A

Social services

27
Q

What can be included in the initial assessment to gather info and understand the risks to a child?

A

Joint Visit health , social work, police
Child Protection Case Conference
Immediate place of safety- Child Protection Order
Children’s Panel may need compulsory measures of supervision
Looked after Child –Accommodated or at home

Paediatrics (25 decks)

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