Child Protection and Non-Accidental Injury Flashcards
Who is the “named person” from birth until school attendance?
Health visitor
Who is the “named person” for school aged children?
Head teacher
What are some categories of abuse?
Physical Abuse Sexual Abuse Emotional Abuse Fabricated and Induced Illness Neglect
What are 3 red flags for physical abuse?
Late presentation
History changes on repeating
History inconsistent with findings
What are some common sites for accidental injury?
Forehead Crown Palms Spinous processes Elbow Iliac crests Knees Shins
What are some common sites for NAI’s?
Ears Eyes Mouth Neck Shoulders Back of hands Chest Upper arm Inner arm Genitals Stomach Inner, front and back of thigh Buttocks
What are some concerning factors in bruising?
Any bruise in non mobile infant Petechiae Clusters Extensive injuries with no explanation Injury not consistent with history or developmental level Location of bruise
How do you differentiate between impetigo and cigarette burn?
Both circular Burns often infected Look for distribution Look for burnt hair Healing
What is the most common cause of death in physical abuse?
Abusive head trauma
What are some consequences of abusive head trauma?
Mortality up to 30% Half have residual disability Presentation variable Retinal haemorrhages seen in 80% Neck and cervical spine injury
What is neglect?
Ongoing failure to meet a child’s basic needs
What is the most common form of child abuse?
Neglect
How might neglect present?
Child might be left hungry or dirty, or without proper clothing, shelter, supervision or health care
What are some different categories of neglect?
Emotional Abandonment Medical Nutritional/FTT Educational Physical Failure to provide supervision
What is emotional abuse?
Any type of abuse that involves the continual emotional mistreatment of a child
Can involve deliberately trying to scare, humiliate, isolate or ignore a child
How might emotional abuse present in a child?
Behavioural/developmental difficulties
Wary/anxious child
Placid non-demanding baby
Self harm
What is sexual abuse?
Forced or tricked into sexual activities
They might not understand that what’s happening is abuse or that it’s wrong
Might be afraid to tell someone
What is contact abuse?
Sexual touching of any part of a child’s body, whether they’re clothed or not
Using a body part or object to rape or penetrate a child
forcing a child to take part in sexual activities
Making a child undress or touch someone else
Does touching, kissing and oral sex still count as contact/sexual abuse?
Yes
What is non-contact abuse?
Can be in person or online
Exposing or flashing
showing pornography
Exposing a child to sexual acts
Making them masturbate
Forcing a child to make, view or share child abuse images or videos
Making, viewing or distributing child abuse images or videos
What can be some indicators of sexual abuse?
Disclosure
Sexualised behaviour
STI
Pregnancy
What is FII?
Fabricated or induced illness
Fabrication: making up the symptoms of an illness
Induction: causing a child to become unwell
Which parent is usually involved in FII?
Mother
What are some factors in CSA/forensic examination?
Joint Paediatrician/Forensic Medical Examiner Do not repeat interview Video Colposcope General Physical Examination Developmental Assessment
What do we do after history, examination and clinical investigations have been completed?
Reach a preliminary opinion
Consult with other agencies
Give a revised opinion, if needed
Which agency/group must always be informed when there is grounds for concern that a child is being neglected or abused?
Social services
What can be included in the initial assessment to gather info and understand the risks to a child?
Joint Visit health , social work, police
Child Protection Case Conference
Immediate place of safety- Child Protection Order
Children’s Panel may need compulsory measures of supervision
Looked after Child –Accommodated or at home
