Child abuse and neglect Flashcards
most common form of child abuse
neglect
who is the most common perpetrator of child abuse
mother
physical findings of physical abuse
injuries in multiple stages of healing
unusual places or patterns to bruising
immersion burn patterns
retinal hemorrhages
leading cause of mortality from physical abuse
abusive head trauma
what injury is highly correlated with abusive head injury
subdural hemorrhage with absence of clear accidental history
fractures suspicious for abuse
rib bucket handle (yanking on arms) acromion spinous process sternum hands/feet vertebral body skull
how can you get metaphyseal (bucket handle or corner) fractures
shaking the trunk or yanking the extremities
deficiency of type I collagen, results in increased bone fragility
blue sclera, family history, osteopenia, wormian bones, lethal by perinatal period
osteogenesis imperfecta
Intra-cranial injury (after minor head trauma)
retinal hemorrhage (80%)
Absent is external signs of trauma
Neurologic symptoms – tremor, imbalance
shaken baby syndrome
engaging of dependent, developmentally immature children in sexual activities that they do not fully comprehend and to which they cannot give consent, or activities that violate laws and taboos of a society
sexual abuse
physical findings sexual abuse
the majority of victims have no physical findings
rejection, ignoring, criticizing, isolation, or terrorizing of children
emotional abuse
most common feature of emotional neglect
absence of normal parent-child attachment
common manifestation of emotional neglect
nonorganic FTT
Caregiver simulates or creates symptoms of illness in a chld.
Bizarre symptoms/history, recurrent problems
Most often reported as ill but exam is normal
Munchausen syndrome by proxy
