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Paramedic Class > Chest Trauma > Flashcards

Chest Trauma Flashcards

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0
Q

What is commotio cordis?

A

An event in which an often fatal cardiac dysrhythmia is produced by a sudden blow to the thoracic cavity.

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1
Q

What is atelectasis?

A

Alveolar collapse

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2
Q

What is exophthalmos?

A

Protrusion of the eyes from the normal position within the socket

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3
Q

What is a hemopneumothorax?

A

A collection of blood and air in the pleural cavity

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4
Q

What is a hemothorax?

A

Collection of blood in the pleural space

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5
Q

Where is the intercostal space?

How is it labeled?

A

The space between two ribs.
Named according to the number of the rib above it.
Contains the intercostal muscle and neurovascular bundle

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6
Q

What causes JVD?

A

Increased volume or pressure within the central venous system or thoracic cavity

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7
Q

What is the manubrium?

A

Superior segment of the sternum

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8
Q

What is the mediastinum?

A

Space within the chest that contains the heart, major blood vessels, vagus nerve, trachea, and esophagus. Located between the lungs.

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9
Q

What is an open pneumothorax?

A

The result of a defect in the chest wall that allows air to enter the thoracic space.

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10
Q

What is pericardiocentesis?

A

A procedure in which a needle or angiocath is introduced into the pericardial sac to relieve cardiac tamponade.

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11
Q

What is the pericardium?

A

Double layered sac containing the heart and the origins of the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and pulmonary artery

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12
Q

What is pulsus paradoxus?

A

A drop in systolic blood pressure of 10 mmHg during inspiration. Commonly seen in patients with cardiac tamponade or asthma.

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13
Q

What do you call blood in the sclera of the eye?

A

Subconjunctival hematoma

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14
Q

Where is the suprasternal notch?

A

Indentation formed by the superior border of the manubrium and the clavicles.

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15
Q

What is a tension pneumothorax?

A

Collection of air within the pleural space, where the volume and pressure have both collapsed the involved lung and caused a shift of the mediastinal structures to the opposite side.

16
Q

What is the thorax?

A

Area between the neck and the diaphragm

17
Q

Where is the xiphoid process?

A

An inferior segment of the sternum

18
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of tension pneumothorax?

A 
Absence of breath sounds on affected side
Unequal chest rise
Pulsus paradoxus
Tachycardia and dysrhythmia
JVD (late sign)
Narrow pulse pressure
Tracheal deviation 
Difficult to bag
19
Q

What is pulsus alternans?

A

A pattern of a weak heart beat, followed by a strong beat, which then repeats

20
Q

What is Becks triad?

A

A composite sign of cardiac tamponade consisting of:
JVD
Muffled heart tones
Pulsus paradoxus

Paramedic Class (12 decks)

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