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Pharmacology > Chemotherapy > Flashcards

Chemotherapy Flashcards

0
Q

Alkylating agent mechanism

A

Covalently bind two strands of DNA so they can’t unravel to replicate.

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1
Q

Imatinib

A

Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor (CML)
KIT inhibitor (GIST)
Blocks ATP binding pocket on TK molecule

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2
Q

Cisplatin

A

Platinum agent

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3
Q

Oxaliplatin

A

Platinum agent used in colorectal cancer

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4
Q

Platinum agent mechanism

A

Alkylating agents

Cause intra and inter strand adducts

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5
Q

Mechanism of resistance to alkylating agents

A

Increased DNA repair, increased efflux/decreased influx to cells.

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6
Q

Antifolate mechanism

A

Prevent pyramidine incorporation into DNA

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7
Q

Methotrexate mechanism

A

Antifolate
Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
Used in brain tumours and leukaemia

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8
Q

5-fluorouracil mechanism

A

Antifolate

Prevents production of thymidine synthase, the entrance point of the folate cycle

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9
Q

Vinka alkaloids

A

Spindle poisons- prevent spindle formation

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10
Q

Taxoids

A

Spindle poisons
Promote assembly
Prevent disassembly

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11
Q

General ADRs of chemo

A 
Acute renal failure - tumour lysis causes hyperuricaemia. Treat with allopurinol 
GI perforation at site of tumour
DIC
Vomiting
Alopecia 
Skin - thrombophlebitis, extravasation, general changes 
Mucositis 
Cardiotoxicity
Lung toxicity
Pancytopenia
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12
Q

Doxorubicin ADRs

A

Alopecia
Hyperpigmentation
Cardiomyopathy

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13
Q

Vinca alkaloid ADRs

A

Alopecia

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14
Q

Cyclophosphamide ADRs

A 
Alopecia 
Hyper pigmentation 
Arrhythmia
Cardiomyopathy at high doses
Pulmonary fibrosis
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15
Q

Bleomycin ADRs

A

Hyperkeratosis, hyperpigmentation, ulcerated pressure sores

Pulmonary fibrosis

16
Q

Bleomycin

A

Induces DNA strand breaks

17
Q

Doxorubicin

A

Intercalating agent

18
Q

Cyclophosphamide

A

Metabolite phosphoramide mustard causes inter and intra strand adducts

19
Q

Busulphan

A

Alkylating

20
Q

Eteposide

A

DNA strand breaks

Chemotherapy

21
Q

Mitomycin C

A

DNA cross linker

Chemotherapy

22
Q

Dactinomycin D

A

Inhibits transcription

Chemotherapy

23
Q

Melphalan

A

Alkylating agent

Nitrogen mustard family

24
Q

Capecitabine

A

Prodrug of 5 fluorouracil

Antifolate

25
Q

Vincristine

A

Vinca alkaloid

26
Q

Vincristine DDIs

A

More neuropathy if with itraconazole

27
Q

5FU DDIs

A

Warfarin

28
Q

Methotrexate DDIs

A

Penicillin

NSAIDs

29
Q

Capecitabine DDIs

A

St John’s Wort

Grapefruit juice

30
Q

Vomiting patterns in chemo

A

Acute - 4-12 hrs
Delayed -2-5 days
Chronic -up to 14 days

Pharmacology (20 decks)

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