Chemotherapy 10-16

Question 1

Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin, Dactinomycin

Answer 1

DNAI, CUV

DNA intercalators
MOA: intercalate into DNA, disrupt replication fork/helix

AE:
-Cardiomyopathy (prevention: Dexrazoxane)
-Urine discoloration (red)
-Vesicant = skin necrosis

Question 2

Cytarabine (Ara-C)

Answer 2

E, HBC

MOA: incorporates into DNA, blocks elongation

AE:
-Hepatotoxicity (BBW)
-BM suppression (BBW)
-Cerebellar toxicity (ataxia, slurred speech)

Question 3

Irinotecan, Topotecan, Etoposide

Answer 3

MOA: inhibit topoisomerase = DNA strand breaks

AE:
-Severe diarrhea (premed with atropine)

Question 4

Bleomycin

Answer 4

B, PH

MOA: produces ss/ds DNA breaks

AE:
-Pulmonary fibrosis (major limitation)
-Hypersensitivity (anaphylactic rxn)

Question 5

Cyclophosphamide

Answer 5

AA GMC

MOA: alkylate DNA - cross links - strand breaks - apoptosis

AE:
-Hemorrhagic cystitis
-Secondary malignancies
-Gonadotoxic

Question 6

Cisplatin

Answer 6

MOA: forms platinum adduct to cross link guanines, apoptosis

AE:
-Nephrotoxicity (monitor Mg/K/SCr) = hypomg
-Ototoxicity (tinnitus, hearing loss)

Question 7

Oxaliplatin

Answer 7

NON

MOA: forms platinum adduct to cross link guanines, apoptosis

AE:
-Less nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
-Neurotoxicity (exposure to cold temps - pharyngolaryngeal dysesthesia)