chemistry topic 4 Flashcards
Group 2 hydroxides solubility trend
Increases down group
Group 2 sulfates solubility trend
Decreases down group
Thermal decomposition in Group 2
More heat needed as you go down group, increase in ion size and increase in thermal stability
Produces solid metal oxide and gas
Heating substance in aerobic conditions
Thermal stability in Group 1
Rarely go to completion- remaining G1 carbonates will not decompose as they require v high temps
Thermal stability trends in groups 1 and 2
Form more stable carbonates + nitrates as you go down group- more heat needed for thermal decomp
Ionic radius increases, less able to polarise carbonate and nitrate
Smaller ions- less stable carbonates + nitrates
Larger ions- more stable carbonates + nitrates
Group 2 hydroxides and dilute acid
GP2 + dilute acid —> H2O + salt
G2 and oxygen
Produces metal oxides
Exception- Sr and Ba
Ionisation energy in group 2
Decreases down group
Increased shielding + atomic radius - election easier removed
Reactivity in group 2
Increases down group
Increased shielding + atomic radius - electron easier to lose
GP2 and water
Metal hydroxide produced
M +2H20 –> M(OH)2 + H2
GP2 and chlorine
Metal chloride produced - White ppt
M + Cl2 –> MCl2
Reactivity in group 7
Decreases down group
Outer shell electron gets further away from +ve nucleus
More shells of electrons shielding, less able to attract e
MP and BP in group 7
Increases down group
Increase in instantaneous dipole forces between molecules
More energy required to break bonds
Electronegativity in group 7
Increases down the group
Reducing power in group 7
Increases down group- e easier to be lost from larger ions
Further reduce H2SO4
1.) Misty fumes
2.) Choking fumes of SO2
3.) Toxic gas H2S (rotten egg)
