Biology topic 8

Question 1

Function of cerebrum

Answer 1

Conscious activities e.g vision, hearing, speech, thinking and memory

Question 2

Cerebral cortex

Answer 2

Thin outer layer of cerebrum
Made up of neurones
Highly folded- increases SA, no. of neurones
More neurone- more connections made
Brain able to carry out more complex behaviours

Question 3

Hypothalamus

Answer 3

Controls homeostatic mechanisms
Regulating body temp, osmoregulation, digestive activity, endocrine functions

Question 4

Pituitary gland

Answer 4

Located below hypothalamus
Produces hormones

Question 5

Posterior pituitary

Answer 5

Stores + releases hormones produced by hypothalamus

Question 6

Anterior pituitary

Answer 6

Produces and releases hormones

Question 7

Cerebellum

Answer 7

Coordinates movement and balance

Question 8

Medulla oblongata

Answer 8

Co-ordination centres- cardiac/respiratory centres controlling HR and breathing rate

Question 9

Potential difference

Answer 9

Difference in electrical activity between inside and outside a cell

Question 10

Resting potential

Answer 10

Potential difference across membrane while neurone is at rest

Question 11

Function of sodium-potassium pump

Answer 11

Maintains a negative resting potential
Protein that uses ATP to pump against conc gradient
Ensures outside is more positive than the inside

Question 12

Na/K pump process

Answer 12

1. ATP is hydrolysed –> ADP + Pi
2. Energy released to push 3Na+ out cell
3. 2K+ inside cell

Question 13

Permeability of the neurone membrane

Answer 13

Permeable to K+ and not Na+

Question 14

Pathway of stimulation across a synapse

Answer 14

Pre synaptic neurone –> synaptic cleft –> post-synaptic neurone