Chemistry of Elements Flashcards
How are elements arranged in the periodic table?
Elements are arranged in order of ATOMIC NUMBER, which is the number of protons in an atom (and also the number of electrons in an atom).
Where are metals and non-metals located in the periodic table?
Metals are on the left and non-metals are on the right.
What are groups in the periodic table?
Groups are vertical columns of elements that have similar properties and the same number of electrons in the outer energy level.
What is an example of a group and its characteristic?
Group 1 elements all have 1 electron in the outer energy level (shell).
What are periods in the periodic table?
Periods are horizontal rows of elements that have the same number of energy levels but different numbers of electrons in the outer energy level.
What do metals do in terms of electrons?
Metals lose electrons to form positive ions and achieve a full outer shell.
What do non-metals do in terms of electrons?
Non-metals gain electrons to form negative ions and achieve a full outer shell.
What are Group 1 elements known as?
Group 1 elements are known as alkali metals.
What do alkali metals react with?
Alkali metals react with water to form alkaline solutions and hydrogen.
What are Group 7 elements known as?
Group 7 elements are known as halogens.
What do halogens form when they react with metals?
Halogens form salts when they react with metals.
What are Group 8/0 elements known as?
Group 8/0 elements are known as noble gases.
What is a characteristic of noble gases?
Noble gases are inert (unreactive) as they have 2 or 8 electrons in their outer shell and do not form stable ions.
