Chemistry In Society (c)

Question 1

Addition polymerisation

Answer 1

A process of making an addition polymer
One of the carbon- carbon double bond in the monomer breaks and this allows the monomer molecule to join together to form a long chain of carbon atoms all bonded together

Question 2

Making of polyethene

Answer 2

Ethene polymerised into polyethene

n CH2=CH2 -> -(-CH2-CH2-)-

Letter n representing a very large but variables no

Repeating unit!

Question 3

What is a repeating unit?

Answer 3

Structure in brackets that is repeated over and over again bonding to one another

Question 4

Addition polymer def

Answer 4

A long chain molecule that had been formed when many small molecules (monomers) have been joined together

Question 5

Propene to…

Answer 5

Polypropene

CH3. H
   |.     |
- C - C -
   |.     |
  H     H

Question 6

Chloroethene to…

Answer 6

Poly chloroethene

  H     Cl
   |       |
- C -- C -
   |       |
  H      H

Question 7

Tetrafluoroethene to…

Answer 7

Poly tetrafluoroethene

   F     F
   |      |
- C - C -
   |      |
   F    F

Question 8

Uses of polyethene

Answer 8

Resistant to chemical attack
Used to store food and drink

HDPE milk jugs, detergent bottles, margarine tubs, garden furniture

MDPE gas pipes, wheelie bins, storage tanks for fuel

LDPE plastic bags, cling film

(Densities)

Question 9

Uses of poly Propene

Answer 9

Stronger and more hard wearing

Used for food packaging, ropes and carpets

Question 10

Uses of Poly chloroethene

Answer 10

Tougher
V hard wearing
More stable to heat
Used for plastic sheets, artificial leather, drainpipes, gutters, insulation for electrical wires and casings for electrical plugs

Question 11

Disposing of addition polymers (3)

Answer 11

Landfill- uses up valuable land as they tend to be non bio degrade able
May last for many years

Incineration- release lots of energy when burned. Energy used to heat homes of generate electricity
Co2 produced which can contribute to climate change + toxic gases also

Recycling- reduces disposal problems and amount of crude oil used but it is difficult and expensive to separate polymers from one another

Question 12

Condensation reaction def

Answer 12

A reaction in which two molecules react together to form a new, larger molecule with the elimination of a small molecule such as water

Question 13

Esterification

Answer 13

A reaction producing compound ester when an alcohol and an acid (an organic compound containing a
-COOH group)
Ethanol
Carboxylic acid

Question 14

Esterification equation

Answer 14

O O
|| ||
- C-{-OH H-}-O- -> - C-O- + H2O

Acid. Water Alcohol. Ester. Water
Eliminated

Question 15

Amine condensation reaction

Answer 15

An anime (containing an NH2 group) and a carboxylic acid

Forming an amide and water