chemistry - chapter 7

Question 1

acid

Answer 1

an aqueous solution that conducts electricity, tastes sour, turns blue with litmus paper and neutralizes bases

Question 2

acids can be used as a

Answer 2

food preservative

Question 3

acids reaction with metals

Answer 3

acids react with metals to produce hydrogen gas and another compound

Question 4

acids reactions with carbonates

Answer 4

acids react with carbonates to produce carbon dioxide gas

Question 5

example of acids reaction with carbonates

Answer 5

baking soda and vinegar

Question 6

are acids molecular or ionic compounds

Answer 6

molecular

Question 7

what makes acids conductive

Answer 7

collisions with water molecules break up the acid compound to make hydrogen cations

Question 8

what gives an acid their properties

Answer 8

hydrogen atoms, because all acids produce them when dissolved in water

Question 9

when does an acid show its properties

Answer 9

when dissolved in water

Question 10

two common groups of acids

Answer 10

binary acids and oxyacids

Question 11

4 common binary acids

Answer 11

hydrofluoric acid
hydrochloric acid
hydrobromic acid
hydrosulfuric acid

Question 12

what are oxyacids related to

Answer 12

polyatomic ions

Question 13

4 common oxyacids

Answer 13

nitric acid
carbonic acid
sulfuric acid
phosphoric acid

Question 14

base

Answer 14

an aqueous solution that conducts electricity and turns red litmus blue

Question 15

acid properties

Answer 15

sour
neutralizers
react with metal and carbonates

Question 16

base properties

Answer 16

bitter
conduct
change the colour of indicators

Question 17

4 common bases

Answer 17

sodium hydroxide
calcium hydroxide
ammonium hydroxide
magnesium hydroxide

Question 18

pH

Answer 18

a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is

Question 19

pH scale

Answer 19

a numerical scale ranging from 0 - 14 used to compare acidity of solutions

Question 20

neutral (pH)

Answer 20

neither acidic nor basic (pH of 7)

Question 21

whats at 13 in the pH scale

Answer 21

drain cleaner

Question 22

whats at 2 in the pH scale

Answer 22

stomach acid

Question 23

where is water on the pH scale

Answer 23

7

Question 24

what determines pH in an acid

Answer 24

the concentration of hydrogen ions in an acid

Question 25

acid leaching

Answer 25

removing heavy metals from contaminated soils by adding an acid solution to the soil and catching the solution that drains through

Question 26

phytoremediation

Answer 26

using plants to remove toxins from soil

Question 27

neutralization

Answer 27

a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react to form an ionic compound ( a salt) and water to make a ph closer to 7

Question 28

acids form
bases form
together they form

Answer 28

hydrogen ions
hydroxide ions
water

Question 29

neutralization word formula and skeleton formula

Answer 29

acid + base –> water + ionic compound (salt)
H3PO4 + KOH –> H2O + K3PO4

Question 30

two uses of neutralization reactions

Answer 30

chemical spills
antacids for the stomach

Question 31

acid precipitation

Answer 31

any precipitation with a pH lower than normal rain which is 5.6 and has become acidic because of reactions

Question 32

dry deposition

Answer 32

the process in which acid forming pollutants fall directly to Earth, dry, eg. hail

Question 33

buffering capacity

Answer 33

the ability of a substance to resist changes in pH

Question 34

how does acid precipitation harm the world

Answer 34

poor growing conditions
reduction of fish stocks
soil
toxicity