biology - chapter 4 Flashcards
plants
two body systems of the plant
root
shoot
dermal tissue
tissues covering the outer surface of the plant
vascular tissue
tissues responsible for conducting materials within a plant
two parts of the dermal tissue system
epidermal
periderm
ground tissue
all other plant tissues (create structure and fill the plant)
root system function
anchors the plant
absorbs water and minerals
stores food
shoot system function
conducts photosynthesis
reproduces sexually
3 parts of the shoot system
leaf
flower
stem
main photosynthetic structure of the plant
leaf
thykaloids
flat disklike structure in the chloroplast that are arranged in stacks and collect solar energy
stem functions
supports branches leaves flowers etc.
carries food
stores food
meristematic cells
undifferentiated plant cells
2 parts of the vascular tissue system in plants
xylem
phloem
xylem function
transports water and dissolved mineral from the roots to leaves stem etc.
phloem function
transports dissolved food materials and hormones through the plant
tissues working together (2)
absorbing light
obtaining co2
chloroplasts are mostly located in the
palisade layer and spongy mesophyll
palisade layer
layer of tall closely packed cells containing chloroplasts just below the dermal tissue (ground tissue)
spongy mesophyll
a region of loosely packed cells containing chloroplasts in the middle of the leaf (ground tissue)
cuticle
waxy layer on the surfaces of a leaf that blocks water diffusion and gases
stomate
opening in the surfaces of a leaf that allows gas exchange
guard cell
one of a pair of special cells in the epidermis that control the opening and closing of each stomate
