CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 12 Flashcards
soluble
can be dissolved
insoluble
can’t be dissolved
what size is solution
the smallest
what is solution throughout
the same, homogenous
what can solution not do?
solution can’t scatter light, filter, and separate
what size is colloid
medium
what is colloid throughout
different, heterogenous
what can colloid do?
it can scatter light
what can’t colloid do?
colloid can’t separate or filter
what is the Tyndal Effect and which types does it effect?
it scatters the light big enough and it effects colloid and suspension
what size are suspensions?
biggest
what is suspensions throughout?
different, heterogenous
what can suspensions do?
suspensions can separate, filter, and scatter light
what are electrolytes?
solid that’s dissolved into liquid and produces a solution that conducts electric current
example of electrolyte
salt like in gatorade
what are nonelectrolytes?
a solution that doesn’t conduct electric current
ways to dissolve
crushing the solute
stirring
heating the solvent
what is solute?
what gets dissolved
what is solvent?
what does the dissolving
what is solution equilibrium?
dissolution and crystallization occur at the same rate
what is saturated?
the maximum amount of solute
what is unsaturated?
less than the maximum amount of solute
what is supersaturated?
more than the maximum amount of solute
what is solubility?
amount of solute needed to make a saturated solution
like dissolves like
polar dissolves polar
nonpolar dissolves nonpolar
polar dissolves ionic
what is immiscible?
2 liquids that don’t mix
henry’s law
dissolving gas into liquid, you add pressure using the same gas
example of henry’s law
carbonation in soda
effects of temperature on solubility
temperature helps solid dissolve into liquid but doesn’t help gas dissolve to liquid
what is solvated?
when solute is surrounded by solvent
what is enthalpy of solution?
energy released or absorbed when solution is made
step 1 of energy changes
energy absorbed
solute particles are removed from solids
step 2 of energy changes
energy absorbed
solvent molecules get moved from solid
step 3 of energy changes
energy released
solvent surrounds solute
what is concentration?
amount of solute in a given amount of solution
what is molarity?
moles of solute / liters of solute
M =
mol / L
mol =
ML
L =
mol / M
what is molality?
moles of solute / kg of solvent
