Chemistry Flashcards
What is the study of a substance that contains carbon?
Organic Chemistry.
What is the branch of chemistry dealing with compounds lacking carbon?
Inorganic Chemistry.
What are the 3 forms of matter
Liquid, gas, solid
What are the 5 elements that make up the structure of the hair skin and nails
Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfer
What are the structural units that make up the elements
Atoms
What is a chemical in its simplest form
Molecule
What is a compound
It forms when two or more atoms from different elements unite chemically
What is an example of a compound
H2O
What is a mixture
It’s a combination of two or more substances united physically
What is chemical change
When a chemical reaction takes place and a new substance is formed having different properties from the original
What is PH (potential hydrogen)
PH refers to the degree of acidity or alkalinity in a product or on a surface and is measured on a scale of 0-14
What is the PH measure for acids
Below 7. The lower the PH the greater degree for acidity
What is the pH measure for alkaline?
Anything with a PH above 7.0
What is the pH neutral range?
The neural range is considered to extend from 6.5- 7.5.
What is the acid mantle?
Sweat and sebum, which creates a barrier on the surface of the skin.
What is the purpose of the acid mantle on the skin?
The acid mantle protects against certain forms of bacteria.
What is a solution?
Is a blended mixture of two or more solids, liquids, or gaseous substances.
What is a solute
A solute is the dissolved substance in a solution.
What is a solvent
Is a substance, usually liquid, that dissolves another substance to form a solution.
What is the universal solvent
Water
What does miscible mean?
Liquids are soluble, meaning they can be mixed with each other without separating, e.g.,
water and alcohol.
What does immiscible mean?
Liquids are not capable of being mixed, e.g., water and oil.
What is a suspension?
Is when solid particles are distributed throughout a liquid medium like a salad dressing
made up of oil and vinegar, where the oil is suspended in the vinegar.
What is an emulsion?
Is a mixture of two or more immiscible substances united with the aid of a binder, or
emulsifier.
What are surfactants?
Surfactants are substances that act as a bridge to allow oil and water to mix or emulsify.
