chemistry

Question 1

SPONCH

Answer 1

sulfur, potassium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen - make up 95% of human body

Question 2

sub-atomic particles

Answer 2

proton, neutron, electron

Question 3

proton

Answer 3

positive, gives atomic number, defines element and doesn’t change

Question 4

neutron

Answer 4

neutral, p+n=atomic mass, can change making element an isotope

Question 5

isotope

Answer 5

unstable and release radioactive energy

Question 6

electron

Answer 6

negative, spin in energy levels outside nucleus, can change creating ions

Question 7

ion

Answer 7

stable, charged element

Question 8

cation

Answer 8

positive ion

Question 9

anion

Answer 9

negative ion

Question 10

ionic bond

Answer 10

formed when electrons are transferred from one element to another - NaCl

Question 11

covalent bond

Answer 11

formed when elements share electrons - H20 and ALL ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Question 12

environmental requirements for life (5)

Answer 12

water, oxygen, nutrients, heat, pressure

Question 13

dehydration synthesis

Answer 13

two simple molecules combine to form more complex molecules by the removal of water

Question 14

hydrolysis

Answer 14

when water is added to break bonds

Question 15

exergonic reaction

Answer 15

releases energy along with product

Question 16

endergonic reaction

Answer 16

requires energy that’s stored in bonds

Question 17

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 17

A-P1-P2-P3, goes thru exergonic reaction to create ADP

Question 18

Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP)

Answer 18

A-P1-P2 + P3, goes thru endergonic reaction to create ATP

Question 19

Function of ATP

Answer 19

ATP is used to provide energy to parts of the cell as it breaks and reforms

Question 20

glucose

Answer 20

monosaccharide (single sugar) that provides direct immediate energy, carb

Question 21

lipids

Answer 21

necessary for cell membranes, secondary energy storage, insulation, shock absorption

Question 22

saturated fats

Answer 22

solid at room temp, bad

Question 23

unsaturated fats

Answer 23

liquid at room temp, good

Question 24

LDL cholesterol

Answer 24

solid like sat fats, bad

Question 25

HDL cholesterol

Answer 25

dietary fiber - helps clean out intestines and blood vessels, good

Question 26

trans fats

Answer 26

horrible for you, lab made, hard on liver

Question 27

proteins

Answer 27

needed to repair, replace, and rebuild the body, make enzymes, most common organic compound

Question 28

enzymes

Answer 28

“miracle proteins,” lock (cell part) & key (enzyme), help in 3 ways - catalysts, lower energy needed for reactions, can be used over and over