Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Chemistry 1129 > Flashcards

Chemistry 1129 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

chemical reaction in which an atom or ion gains an electron

A

reduction reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

a species that is reduced

A

oxidizing agent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

another name for the oxidation-states method

A

electron-transfer method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

shows the change in charge and movement of electrons

A

electronic equation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

chemical reaction in which an atom or ion loses an electron

A

oxidation reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

released when electrons are transferred in a redox reaction

A

energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

a species that is oxidized

A

reducing agent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Another name for oxidation-reduction reaction is a ____ reaction

A

redox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The substance being ____ loses electrons

A

oxidized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A ____ is any substance, atom, ion, proton, etc., that is being discussed

A

species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A substance is a/an ___ agent if it causes another substance to be oxidized

A

oxidizing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The halogens are ____ agents

A

oxidizing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The element ____ has the greatest ability to attract electrons

A

fluorine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A substance that causes another substance to ____ electrons is an oxidizing agent

A

lose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A strong reducing agent forms a ____ oxidizing agent

A

weak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If no ____ are exchanged in a reaction, it is not a redox reaction

A

electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A/An ____ agent gives up electrons

A

reducing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A chlorine atom changes to chloride ___ when it gains an electron

A

ion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

If an element attains a less positive oxidation state, it has been _____

A

reduced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

If there is no change in the charge in a reaction, it is not a/an ____ reaction

A

oxidation-reduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

If an oxidation occurs in a reaction, there must be a matching ____

A

reduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The electrons ____ by atoms or ions must be ____ by other atoms or ions in a redox reaction

A

lost; gained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A ____ agent supplies electrons

A

reducing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

___ chemical reactions are oxidation-reduction reactions

A

Some

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

____ charged ions are produced when an atom is oxidized

A

Negatively

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

A ___-reaction is either an oxidation or reduction reaction

A

full

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The electron-____ method is also known as the oxidation states method

A

shift

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

A reaction in which at least two atoms or ions undergo a change in oxidation state is called a/an ____

A

oxidation-reduction reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

A method to balance redox equations is called the ___-transfer method

A

ion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

The process in which a substance acts as both an oxidizing and reducing agent and is both self-oxidizing and self-reducing is called ___

A

auto-oxidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

When a hydrogen combines with chlorine, it is oxidized because it has ___ its electron

A

`shared

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The electron-transfer method assigns oxidation numbers to ____, while the ion-electron method assigns oxidation numbers to whole species

A

atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

branch of chemistry that deals with electricity-related applications of oxidation-reduction reactions

A

electrochemistry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

positive electrode of an electrochemical cell

A

cathode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

electrolyte in a dry cell

A

paste

36
Q

one joule of work that moves a charge of one coulomb between two points

A

volt

37
Q

type of reaction that occurs at the anode and cathode of an electrochemical cell

A

half-reaction

38
Q

_____ in an electrochemical cell is generated by the ongoing ___ reaction within the cell

A

Electricity; redox

39
Q

A porous ____ is placed between the electrolyte at the anode and the electrolyte at the cathode in an electrochemical cell so that electrolytes do not mix

A

barrier

40
Q

____ force moves a charge through a circuit because of a difference in ____ in the cell

A

Electromotive; electric potential

41
Q

The ____ of an alkaline cell is either potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide

A

electrolyte

42
Q

Hydrogen gas build-up within a dry cell between the anode and the cathode causes ____ and reduces the current output

A

resistance

43
Q

The simplest type of electrochemical cell is called the ____ cell

A

voltaic

44
Q

A charge of 6.24 x 10(18) electrons is called _____

A

a coulomb

45
Q

An alkaline fuel uses ___ gas as a fuel

A

hydrogen

46
Q

___ cell does not use an alkaline electrolyte

A

A lithium

47
Q

The ___ is a unit of electric current equal to one coulomb per second

A

ampere

48
Q

The ____ is made of strips of nickel hydroxide and cadmium with potassium hydroxide between them

A

nickel(II) hydroxide-cadmium cell

49
Q

Voltaic piles joined in ____ supply more current in a circuit

A

parallel

50
Q

The positive ions in an electrochemical cell leave a surplus of ____ behind at the anode

A

electrons

51
Q

Negative ions are called _____

A

anions

52
Q

A ____ consists of two or more electrochemical cells joined together

A

battery

53
Q

Electron loss causes the anode in an electrochemical cell to produce ____ ions

A

positive

54
Q

Oxygen is reduced at the ____ in a fuel cell

A

cathode

55
Q

The negative electrode of an electrochemical cell is called the ____

A

anode

56
Q

An ion exchange is allowed between two electrolytes in a cell by a ____ bridge

A

salt

57
Q

Plante invented the ___ storage battery

A

lead

58
Q

A harmless product of a reaction in an alkaline fuel cell is ___

A

water

59
Q

A fuel cell is similar to an ____ cell in construction

A

alkaline

60
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

An electric charge moves from a high electric potential to a low electric potential

A

true

61
Q

In an electrochemical cell, ____ generates the electrons

A

oxidation

62
Q

A ___ current collector collecs electrons at the anode of an alkaline cell

A

brass

63
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Potassium hydroxide is used as the electrolyte in an alkaline fuel cell

A

true

64
Q

nonspontaneous redox reaction driven by an external electric current

A

electrolysis

65
Q

mass of an element freed during electrolysis is directly proportional to the amount of charge that passes through a cell

A

first law of electrolysis

66
Q

electrolytic process by which a metal is deposited on a surface

A

electroplating

67
Q

process by which metals are oxidized in the atmosphere

A

corrosion

68
Q

method of refining metals using electrolysis

A

electrorefining

69
Q

mass of an element freed during electrolysis is directly proportional to its atomic mass divided by its oxidation number

A

second law of electrolysis

70
Q

potential of the half-cell measured in relation to the zero potential of the standard hydrogen electrode

A

standard electrode potential

71
Q

Oxidation occurs at the ____ in both electrochemical and electrolytic cell

A

anode

72
Q

In an electrolytic cell, an external power source produces electrons that flow into the cell at the ___ and out of the cell at the ____

A

cathode; anode

73
Q

_____ steel is corrosive steel coated with noncorrosive ____

A

Galvanized; zinc

74
Q

during the electrorefining of aluminum, aluminum oxide is dissolved in molten ____

A

cryolite

75
Q

Plates of pure copper and slabs of impure copper are used to produce pure copper during _____

A

electrorefining

76
Q

Electrorefining _____ metals from oxygen, and corrosion unites metals with oxygen

A

separates

77
Q

Corrosion decreases the structural ____ of metal objects

A

integrity

78
Q

A voltaic cell is ____ half-cells combined

A

two

79
Q

____ potential is the potential difference between an ____ and its solution

A

Electrode; electrode

80
Q

We cannot measure ____ electrode potentials directly, but we can measure the potential difference of the complete cell reaction

A

half-cell

81
Q

A chemical half-reaction in each half-cell of a complete cell creates an electrical ____ difference

A

potential

82
Q

The coating that covers copper to air is called ____

A

patina

83
Q

Aluminum is extracted from an ore called _____

A

bauxite

84
Q

the electrode potential of a half-cell is determined by comparing it to the potential of a standard ____

A

reference

85
Q

The standard electrode potential of a hydrogen is ____

A

0.00v

86
Q

When using electrode potentials, the half-cell reaction with the lower value must be _____ to become an oxidation reaction

A

reversed

Science (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions