Chemistry 1128

Question 1

energy of motion

Answer 1

kinetic energy

Question 2

energy of position or state

Answer 2

potential energy

Question 3

state function of a chemical reaction

Answer 3

internal energy

Question 4

describes the disorder, or randomness, of a system

Answer 4

entropy

Question 5

symbol for a change in energy

Answer 5

AE

Question 6

type of energy used in a coil spring

Answer 6

elastic potential energy

Question 7

released or absorbed in discrete amounts called quanta

Answer 7

energy

Question 8

type of energy lost due to friction during energy conversion

Answer 8

heat

Question 9

The type of energy transferred from a hot object is called ____ energy

Answer 9

thermal

Question 10

____ potential energy is gained when an object is raised above ground level

Answer 10

Gravitational

Question 11

Energy can be neither ____ nor destroyed

Answer 11

created

Question 12

Work does not produce heat in a _____ environment

Answer 12

frictionless

Question 13

____ energy is energy directly form the sun

Answer 13

Electromagnetic

Question 14

A system is a sample of matter and energy under _____

Answer 14

observation

Question 15

Kinetic energy is ___ related to velocity

Answer 15

directly

Question 16

Potential energy is independent of the _____ history of the system in question

Answer 16

prior

Question 17

An object at rest still has some ___ energy because the particles within it are moving

Answer 17

kinetic

Question 18

The term ____ describes disorder, or randomness, of a system

Answer 18

entropy

Question 19

The _______ is also known as the law of conservation of matter and energy

Answer 19

first law of thermodynamics

Question 20

The theory of ____ is disproved by the second law of thermodynamics

Answer 20

evolution

Question 21

An object ____ potential energy as it moves to a lower position

Answer 21

loses

Question 22

Matter may be converted to ___

Answer 22

energy

Question 23

There are ___ laws of thermodynamics

Answer 23

three

Question 24

In order to perform work, you must ___ something with force

Answer 24

move

Question 25

An object traveling on the ground has ___ gravitational potential energy as it relates to the ground

Answer 25

no

Question 26

Changing the mass of an object ___ its potential energy

Answer 26

changes

Question 27

The first law of thermodynamics states that the amount of ____ and ___ in the universe is constant

Answer 27

energy; matter

Question 28

The second law of thermodynamics states that in spontaneous irreversible process, the total ___ of the system and its surroundings always increases

Answer 28

entropy

Question 29

Chemical energy is stored in the ____ bonds of an object

Answer 29

chemical

Question 30

A reaction that requires energy to be applied to form the products is an ___ reaction

Answer 30

endothermic

Question 31

______ occur without an outside stimulus when reactants come into contact with each other

Answer 31

Spontaneous reactions

Question 32

In a chemical reaction, according to the law of thermodynamics, the mass of the ____ equals the mass of the object

Answer 32

reactants

Question 33

We cannot measure energy, but we can measure its ___

Answer 33

effects

Question 34

The second law of thermodynamics is also known as the law of _____ entropy

Answer 34

increasing

Question 35

study of heat energy changes that accompany chemical reactions

Answer 35

thermochemistry

Question 36

another name for heat of reaction

Answer 36

enthalpy of formation

Question 37

net energy change results in the release of energy

Answer 37

exothermic reaction

Question 38

includes the quantity of heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction

Answer 38

thermochemical equation

Question 39

broken when energy is applied

Answer 39

chemical bonds

Question 40

net energy change results in absorption of energy

Answer 40

endothermic reaction

Question 41

specific form of energy applied to help reactions occur

Answer 41

electricity

Question 42

must be applied to break chemical bonds and released when the bonds are formed

Answer 42

energy

Question 43

A negative enthalpy of formation means heat is ____ by the formation of a compound

Answer 43

released

Question 44

Enthalpy is a ____ fuction

Answer 44

state

Question 45

A compound with a high ____ enthalpy of formation is usually a stable compound

Answer 45

negative

Question 46

Enthalpy can be measured only when it ____

Answer 46

changes

Question 47

The randomness, or disorder, of a system is called ___

Answer 47

entropy

Question 48

The reverse of the enthalpy of combustion reaction is the enthalpy of ____ reaction

Answer 48

formation

Question 49

Change in enthalpy minus the product of the Kelvin temperature and the entropy change is called ___ energy

Answer 49

free

Question 50

Enthalphy describes a state that includes all of the ff (3)

Answer 50

pressure internal energy volume

Question 51

Chemical bonds are broken when two compounds react, and ____ are formed

Answer 51

new bonds

Question 52

The enthalpy of change involved in producing a mole of compound is called the enthalpy of ____

Answer 52

formation

Question 53

The enthalpy of combustion is the amount of heat released by the combustion of one ___ of a material

Answer 53

mole

Question 54

The enthalpy of formation for a combustible compound is found by using ____ law and the enthalpy of combustion

Answer 54

Hess's

Question 55

Reactants with low ____ tend to remain unreactive

Answer 55

enthalpy

Question 56

Two factors, enthalpy and ____, work together to provide the driving force for chemical reactions

Answer 56

entropy

Question 57

If the value of free energy for a reaction is negative, the reaction proceeds ____

Answer 57

spontaneously

Question 58

Dissociation releases ____

Answer 58

energy

Question 59

Hess's law states that the change in enthalphy of a compound is the same whether the reaction forming the compound is completed in ___ step or in ___ steps

Answer 59

one; several

Question 60

A system with high enthalphy tens to move toward a state of ___ enthalphy but high entropy

Answer 60

lower