Chemistry Flashcards
-Solid: rock, wood, paper Rigid, fixed volume,fixed shape *cannot be squashed
-Molecules are packed together in a tight, orderly pattern -Vibrational motion, not translational motion -Retains shape -Retains density
-Liquid: water, juice, soda Not rigid, no fixed shape, fixed volume *cannot be squashed
-Molecules are less ordered than solids, less tightly packed -Vibrational and translational motion -Shape is indefinite- takes shape of container -Retains volume
-Gas: oxygen, methane, carbon dioxide Not rigid, no fixed shape, no fixed volume *Can be squashed
-Molecules are rapidly moving and spread far apart- -Highly compressible- expands to fill container -No definite shape -No definite volume
Change in Matter
Condensation: Gas🡪 Liquid Deposition: Gas🡪 Solid Evaporation: Liquid🡪Gas Freezing: Liquid🡪 Solid Melting: Solid🡪Liquid Sublimation: Solid🡪Gas
Boiling
The transition of liquid to gas when a substance has acquired enough thermal energy
Critical Point
The temperature at which LIQUID and GAS phases have same density.
Phase Diagram
A graph of physical states of a substance under varying temperature and pressure.
Triple Point
The temperature and pressure at which all 3 phases of a pure substance coexists
Covalent Bond
A chemical bond where electrons are SHARED between atoms (2 NON metals)
Ionic Bond
Between 2 metals or a metal and a nonmetal. Complete TRANSFER of electrons
Proton
positively charged atomic particle (determines atomic number)
Electron
Negatively charged atomic particle- very small and irrelevant to mass of atom.
Neutron
Determines isotope. Added to number protons to get atomic mass. No electric charge
Anion
Negatively charged ion
Cation
Positively charged ion
