Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Function

Answer 1

Movement of blood and lymph around the body, which permits nutrient distribution, waste removal, communication, and protection

Question 2

Closed Double loop system

Answer 2

• Pulmonary Loop: Deoxygenated blood from Rt. Ventricle to lungs and returns Oxygenated blood to Lt. Atrium
• Systemic Loop: Oxygenated blood from Lt. Ventricle to body, returning Deoxygenated blood to Rt. Atrium

Question 3

Systole

Answer 3

Contraction of ventricles (heart expels blood)

Question 4

Diastole

Answer 4

Relaxation of ventricles (heart refills with blood)

Question 5

SA Node

Answer 5

“Pacemaker” controls contractions via

electrical signals

Question 6

Blood Pressure

Answer 6

• Fluid pressure generated by cardiac cycle (sys/dias)

- The pressure of blood against the arterial walls.

Question 7

Artery

Answer 7

Blood vessel that carries blood AWAY from heart

Question 8

Aorta

Answer 8

-Large artery branching off heart to the rest of
the body

o Coronary Artery
o Carotid Artery
o Subclavian Artery
o Common Iliac Artery
o Renal Artery

Question 9

Vein

Answer 9

Blood vessel that carries blood TO the heart

Question 10

Vena Cava

Answer 10

-All veins empty here prior to entering the
heart

o Jugular Vein
o Subclavian Vein
o Hepatic Portal Vein
o Common Iliac Vein
o Renal Vein

Question 11

Arteriole

Answer 11

Small artery

Question 12

Venule

Answer 12

Small vein

Question 13

Capillary

Answer 13

Small blood vessel that connects arterioles to venules

Question 14

• Heart
• Made of cardiac muscle tissue.
• Four chambers two atriums & two ventricles

Answer 14

Muscular pump that provides the necessary pressure to keep blood throughout the body flowing

Halves separated by AV valves
• Located between arteries & ventricles leading away
from the heart.
• Valves move blood in one direction, preventing it from backing into the chambers.
• Heart functions by contracting & relaxing
• Cardiac Cycle: Atrial contraction fills the ventricle &
ventricular contraction empties them, forcing circulation

Question 15

Blood

Answer 15

Stabilizes pH, carries raw materials & removes waste
products from cells. Can fight infections.

▪ Composed of red & white blood cells,
platelets (clotting cells) & plasma.

Question 16

Plasma

Answer 16

Composed of plasma proteins, ions, glucose,
amino acids, hormones, & dissolved gases

• Liquid portion of blood (mostly water)

Question 17

Red Blood Cells

Answer 17

Form in bone marrow, and transport oxygen to
cells

Disc shaped cells that carry Hemoglobin and O2

Question 18

White Blood Cells

Answer 18

*Defend the body against infection and remove
various wastes.
* White blood cells include lymphocytes, neutrophils,
monocytes, eosinophils, & basophils. Platelets are
fragments of the stem cell & function in blood clotting.
Immune defense

Question 19

Coronary circulation

Answer 19

Coronary circulation: Flow of blood to the heart tissue.

o Coronary arteries: Delivers oxygen-rich blood to myocardium

o Cardiac veins: Vessels that remove deoxygenated blood from heart muscle.

Question 20

Pulmonary circulation

Answer 20

Pulmonary circulation: Flow of blood between the heart & lungs
o Carries deoxygenated blood away from the right ventricle of heart to lungs, & returns oxygenated blood to left atrium & ventricle of the heart

Question 21

Systemic circulation:

Answer 21

-Carries oxygenated blood away from heart to the body, & returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.