Chemistery Flashcards
Element
A natural occurring substance and is made up of its own atoms.
Compound
Are two or more elements chemically combined together.
Mixture
two or more elements not chemically combined together.
what were Levoister’s discoveries
some elements and he planned the periodic table.
When did Levoister’s discoveries come out?
1789
When were triads discovered?
1817
When were Newland’s 8 similarities came out?
1857
When was Meendelev’ s first periodic table come out?
1887
When isotopes and atomic number found?
1913
The first scientist to arrange elements in order of atomic weight?
Meendelev
Molecule
are made up of two or more atoms. It can be formed by two atoms of the same element or by atoms from different elements.
What is the full form of AR and what does it mean?
Relative atomic mass tells you the number of protons and neutrons.
Atomic mass
tells you the number of protons and electrons
isotopes
an atom of the same element but different number of neutrons
what are the changes and not and why if you are an isotope
chemically reactions are the same because the numbers of electrons and protons are the same. Physical properties are affected like melting point and density because of the changes of neutrons.
How many electrons are needed in the outer shell to be more stable?
8
which noble gases can hardly make compounds?
Krypton(Kr) and Xenon(Xe)
which noble gases are lighter than air?
Helium, Neon
which noble gases are heavier than air?
Argon and Krypton
Are noble gases in colors
No, they are transparent
What is xenon used for?
in car lights
What happens when an electric current goes through neon?
It glows orange
Which noble gas is highly radioactive?
Radon(Rn)
What are other names for noble gases?
Group0, Group18
What happens is you go down the noble gases(5)
Increases: the atomic number number of shells Size of the atom Density boiling point
sublimation
changing from a solid to gas directly
What happens to Iodine when it is heated gently?
Sublimation happens
Does the melting point and the size decrease or increase as you go down group 7
decrease
what happens when two elements of group 7 react together?
Covalent bond forms
what state are fluorine and chlorine at room temperature?
gas
what state are Iodine at room temperature?
solid
Does the RAM increase or decrease as you go down group 7?
increase
what happens when halogens accept one electron in the outer shell
It becomes stable
Which halogen has a reddish-brown color?
Bromine
Which halogen has the highest melting point
Fluorine
Which halogen is the only liquid halogen
Bromine
Which halogen has the lowest melting point
Astatine
Which halogen is a pale yellow/green gas?
Chlorine
Which halogen is a solid
iodine, Astatine
Which halogen is a pale green gas
Fluorine
Which halogen is purple in color
Iodine
What happens when halogens react with metals
Ionic bonding
Ionic bonding
Really strong bonding between a non-metal and metal where the metal gives electron/s to the metal. It is really strong because it is formed from positive and negative ions.
Covalent bonding
Where two or more elements share one electron to be more stable, this way they both can gain an electron.
Describe the attraction(inter molecular) between simple molecular substances
they are really weak so melting points and boiling points are low. Because the inter molecular forces are really weak the covalent bond is not broken. At room temperature, most are liquids or gases.
What are the qualities of transition metals?
Lustrous(bright and shiny)
hard and strong
high density
malleable(can be bent &pressed into different shapes)
ductile(can be drawn into wires)
good conductors of heat and electricity
high melting and boiling point except for mercury which is liquid at room temperature
What are the qualities of transition metals compared to group 1
are denser
higher melting and boiling point except for mercury
