Chemical Equilibrium

Question 1

solution

Answer 1

homogenous mixture of solvent and one or more solutes

Question 2

solvent

Answer 2

substance that has other substances dissolved in it

Question 3

solute

Answer 3

substance that is dissolved in solution

Question 4

variable compositon

Answer 4

different ratios of solvent to solute are possible

Question 5

aqueous solution

Answer 5

water is the solvent

Question 6

miscible

Answer 6

substances that are soluble in each other in any proportion

Question 7

immiscible

Answer 7

substances that do not readily dissolve in each other

Question 8

alloy

Answer 8

solid metallic solution

Question 9

solubility

Answer 9

amount of solute that dissolves in a given quantity of solvent at a specific temperature

Question 10

saturated solution

Answer 10

solution in which no more of a particular solute can be dissolved at a specific temperature

Question 11

unsaturated solution

Answer 11

solution in which more of particular solute can be dissolved at a specific temperature

Question 12

ionic compound

Answer 12

compound formed by ionic bond

Question 13

polar molecule

Answer 13

molecule that has an uneven distribution of charge

Question 14

non polar molecule

Answer 14

covalently bonded molecule that does not possess a dipole moment

Question 15

soluble

Answer 15

solubiilty is greater than 1g/100 mL of solvent

Question 16

insoluble

Answer 16

solubility is less than 0.1g/100 mL

Question 17

slightly soluble

Answer 17

solubility range between 0.1 g and 1g

Question 18

rate of dissolving

Answer 18

speed at which solute dissolved in solvent

Question 19

intermolecular forces

Answer 19

forces that exist between molecules

Question 20

intramolecular forces

Answer 20

forces that bond atoms together within a molecule

Question 21

dipole (dipole moment)

Answer 21

distribution of molecular charge between 2 opposite charges separated by short distance

Question 22

dipole-dipole attractions

Answer 22

intermolecular force between opposite charged ends of 2 polar molecules

Question 23

hydrogen bonding

Answer 23

strong intermolecular attraction between molecules containing H bonded to an atom of higly EN element FON

Question 24

ion-dipole attractions

Answer 24

intermolecular forces between ions and polar molecules

Question 25

hydrated ion

Answer 25

ion in aqueous solution - surrounded by and attrcted to water molecules

Question 26

electrolyte

Answer 26

solute that conducts current in aqueous

Question 27

non-electrolyte

Answer 27

solute that does not conduct current in aqueous solution

Question 28

factors that affect rate of dissolving

Answer 28

- temperature - agitation - particle size

Question 29

factors that affect solubility

Answer 29

- molecule size - temeprature - pressure

Question 30

dissociation

Answer 30

separation of ions that are already present in a compound

Question 31

ionization

Answer 31

formation of positively or negatively charged ions from molecules that do not initially contain ions

Question 32

Ksp represents

Answer 32

the amount of solute that can dissolve plus the maximum concentration of the ions at equilibrium

Question 33

Trial Ion Product (Q)

Answer 33

how to determine if a precipitate will form or not

Question 34

if Q > Ksp

Answer 34

precipitate will form

Question 35

if Q<= Ksp

Answer 35

precipitate will nor form

Question 36

selective precipitation

Answer 36

situation where you have more than one type of cation or anion in solution and you want to precipitate one out and leave the other dissolved or you want to make precipitations that contain only one of the ions at a time