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Pharmacy > Chemical bonds Inorgchem lecture > Flashcards

Chemical bonds Inorgchem lecture Flashcards

1
Q

Consist of a single nucleus with a positive charge surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons

A

Atom

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2
Q

Total energy of the system is lowered, atoms bond together to form

A

Molecule

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3
Q

Consist of an aggregation of atoms held together by valence forces

A

Molecule

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4
Q

Group of 2 or more atoms that form the smallest identifiable unit

A

Molecule

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5
Q

Contain 2 atoms that are chemically bonded

A

Diatomic molecules

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6
Q

2 identical atoms that are chemically bonded
Ex: O2

A

Homonuclear

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7
Q

2 different atoms chemically bonded together
Ex: CO

A

Heteronuclear

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8
Q

Molecules containing more than 2 atoms
CO2

A

Polyatomic molecules

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9
Q

A distinct substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements in definite proportion by weight

A

Chemical compound

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10
Q

Represents the number of atoms

A

Subscripts

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11
Q

Identical atoms bonding together with identical proportions and differ only in arrangements
Ex: CH3CH2OH
(CH3OCH3)

A

Isomers

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12
Q

Assemblies of atoms that have a net electrical charge

A

Ions

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13
Q

Ions that contain FEWER electrons than protons, have a net positive charge

A

Cations

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14
Q

Ions that contain MORE electrons than protons have a net negative charge

A

Anions

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15
Q

Contains both cations and anions in a ratio that results in no net electrical charge

A

Ionic compounds

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16
Q

Electrons are shared between bonded atoms and are simultaneously attracted to more than one nucleus

A

Covalent compounds

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17
Q

Contain cations and anions rather than discrete neutral molecules

A

Ionic compounds

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18
Q

Held together by attractive electrostatic interactions between cations and anions

A

Ionic compounds

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19
Q

Conatins both cations and anions that results in zero electrical charge

A

Ionic compound

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20
Q

The particles repel each other

A

Positive electrostatic energy

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21
Q

Particles are attracted to each other

A

Negative electrostatic energy

22
Q

Name of the element followed by the word ion

A

Monoatomic cation

23
Q

Ions positive charge is indicated by a roman numeral in parenthesis followed by the word ion

A

Stock system

24
Q

Iron (II) ion
Iron (III) ion

A

Stock system

25
Q

Uses 2 suffixes (-ic and -ous) that are appended to the stem of the element name

A

Common syatem

26
Q

Ferrous ion
Ferric ion

A

Common system

27
Q

Represents the greater of the 2 cation charges

A

-ic suffix

28
Q

Represents the lower one

A

-ous suffix

29
Q

Forms when the bonded atoms have lower total energy that that of widely separated atoms

A

Covalent bonds

30
Q

3 types of covalent bonds

A

1- single
2- double
3- tripple bonds

31
Q

Share 2 electrons

A

Single bond

32
Q

Share 4 electrons

A

Double bonds

33
Q

Share 6 electrons

A

Tripple bonds

34
Q

Are formed when the atoms adopt specific positions relative to one another so as to maximize the bond strength

A

Bonds

35
Q

Held together by shared electron pairs

A

Molecules

36
Q

Has definite, fairly rigid structure or spatial distribution of its atoms

A

Molecules

37
Q

A very simplified representation of the valence shell electrons in a molecule

A

Lewis Structure

38
Q

Used to show how the electrons are arranged around insividual atoms in a molecule

A

Lewis Structure

39
Q

Also known as Lewis dot diagrams

A

Lewis Structure

40
Q

Atoms tend to bond in such a way that they have 8 electrons in their valence shell

A

Octet Rule

41
Q

Substances that react during chemical reaction

A

Reactants

42
Q

Substances formed during chemical reaction

A

Products

43
Q

Two or more compounds combine to form one compound

A

Combination reaction

44
Q

A complex molecule breaks down to make simpler ones

A

Decomposition reaction

45
Q

Oxygen combines with a compound to form carbon dioxide and water, exothermic reactions, gives off heat

A

Combustion reaction

46
Q

An acid and base react with each other, product is salt and water

A

Neutralization reaction

47
Q

One element takes place with another element in the compound

A

Displacement reaction

48
Q

Double displacement
Exchange
Metathesis reaction

A

Double replacement reaction

49
Q

Two aqueous ionic compounds form a new ionic compound that is not soluble in water

A

Precipitation reaction

50
Q

Involves a transfer of electrons between two species

A

Oxidation-reduction
Redox

51
Q

A reaction that forms a complex

A

Complexation reaction

52
Q

Concerned with valence which determines how atoms combine in definite ratios and how this is related to the bond directions and bond lengths

A

Structural chemistry

Pharmacy (25 decks)

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