[CHEM] Unit 13 - Acids and Bases Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: Both acids and bases are electrolytes

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Acids taste ___

A

Sour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Bases taste ___

A

Bitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Bases feel ___

A

Slipper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Acids are: corrosive/caustic

A

Corrosive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Bases are: corrosive/caustic

A

Caustic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T/F: Acids are polar molecules

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T/F: Bases are polar molecules

A

F: they are ionic solids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Arrhenius acids and bases must be in what phase:

A

Aq

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Arrhenius acids must ___ in water to produce ___ as the only positive ion

A

Ionize, H+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Arrhenius bases must ___ in water to produce ___ as the only negative ion

A

Dissociate, OH-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When H+ bonds to H2O, what does it form?

A

Hydronium, or H3O+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T/F: Arrhenius bases can contain carbon

A

F: they cannot; if a base contains carbon, it is an alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T/F: Dissociation needs to occur before ionization

A

F: ionization needs to occur first!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How are acid anhydrides formed?

A

When water reacts with a nonmetal oxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How are metal oxides formed?

A

Basic anhydride combines with water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Salts are ___ compounds that form from the ___ part of the acid and the ___ part of the base

A

Ionic, negative, positive

18
Q

When an acid neutralizes a base, what is formed?

A

A salt

19
Q

What are the 7 strong acids?

A

HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4, HClO3, and HClO4

20
Q

What are the strong bases?

A

Group 1 hydroxides (ex: NaOH), Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, and Ba(OH)2

21
Q

What does Kw always equal?

A

1x10^(-14)

22
Q

The formula for Kw is:

A

[H30+]x[OH-]

23
Q

Strong acids and bases ionize ___

A

Completely

24
Q

The equilibrium expression for weak acids is: Ka=

A

x

x= original molarity

25
Q

The equilibrium expression for weak bases is: Kb=

A

x

x= original molarity

26
Q

pH=

A

-log[H+]

27
Q

A high pH means a ___ concentration of hydronium ions, and a low pH means a ___ concentration of hydronium ions

A

Low, high

28
Q

A high pOH means a ___ concentration of hydroxide ions, and a low pOH means a ___ concentration of hydroxide ions

A

Low, high

29
Q

pOH=

A

-log[OH-]

30
Q

An increase of pH by 1 means a decrease of [H-] by

A

1/10

31
Q

An increase of pOH by 3 means a decrease of [OH-] by

A

1/1000

32
Q

Bases have ___ pOH and ___ pH

A

Low, high

33
Q

Kw is always at what temperature?

A

25 celsius

34
Q

An acid + metal is what type of reaction?

A

Single replacement

35
Q

An acid + base, also known as ___, is what type of reaction?

A

Neutralization, double replacement

36
Q

An acid + metal makes what?

A

H2 (diatomic!!) and a salt

37
Q

And acid + base makes what?

A

Water and a salt

38
Q

What are the three metals that don’t react with acid?

A

Ag, Au, and Cu

39
Q

Strong acid + strong base =

A

Neutral (pH=7) salt

40
Q

Strong acid + weak base =

A

Acidic salt

41
Q

Weak acid + strong base =

A

Basic salt

42
Q

Weak acid + weak base =

A

Unknown