[CHEM] Unit 12- Equilibrium (eqm) Flashcards
A completion reaction makes:
Gases or precipitates
At eqm, rates are:
Equal
T/F: At eqm, concentrations are equal
F: At eqm, concentrations are CONSTANT
Dynamic eqm is:
When the atoms don’t stop; total amounts don’t change, but the reactions are still occuring
What is chemical eqm:
Involves real chemical reactions; makes new formulas
Solution eqm only applies to ___ solutions
Saturated
At solution eqm, what rates are equal?
The rate of dissolving and the rate of crystallization
At solution eqm, if you raise the temp for a gas solute, what happens?
LESS gas is dissolved
At solution eqm, if you raise the temp for a solid solute, what happens?
More solute dissolves until a new eqm is reached
At phase eqm, what rates are equal?
Rate of freezing=rate of melting
Rate of evaporation/boiling= rate of condensation
What is AAA and what does it mean?
Add, Arrow, Away
If something is added/increased, the shift will point away
What is RAT and what does it mean?
Remove, Arrow, Towards
If something is removed/decreased, the shift will point towards it
(LeChat) What is a stress?
A change in temperature, pressure, or concentration
If you add something, where and why does the equilibrium shift?
Shifts away, and because it needs to use up the excess
If you remove something, where and why does the equilibrium shift?
Shifts toward, and because it needs to replace what is removed
When pressure is changed, what is the shift of the eqm based on?
How many moles of gas there are- BASED ON STATES OF MATTER AND COEFFICIENTS
If pressure is increased, what side will the eqm shift to?
The side of lesser moles of gas
If pressure is decreased, what side will the eqm sift to?
The side of greater moles of gas
What is the common ion effect (adding)?
If you add a different solute that creates on of the ions in the reaction, it is like adding that ion they have in common.
For example, NaCl->(Na+)+(Cl-). You cannot simply add chloride ions, so you add HCL (aq). This will shift the eqm AWAY, and increase the amount of NaCl while decreasing the amount of Na+.
What is the common ion effect (removing)?
If you add a different solute that would create an insoluble product with one of the ions in the reaction, it is like removing that ion.
This would shift the eqm towards the removal.
