[CHEM] Unit 10- Solutions Flashcards
The solvent is:
Doing the dissolving, and usually in a greater amount (ex: water)
The solute is:
The one being dissolved, and usually in a smaller amount (ex: salt, or flavored powder)
Solid solutions are ___, and examples of those include steel and ___
Alloys, brass
(___) is the symbol for if something has water as its solvent
Aq
Electrolytes are:
Acids, bases, and soluble ionic compounds
Electrolytes ___ ___ into separate ions. This process is called ___.
Break up, dissociating
___ compounds will not break into separate ions. They will only ___
Covalent (M+NM), break into separate molecules
Solutions ___ be separated by filtering
Cannot; this is because they are, well, dissolved
Solutions are always ___ mixtures
Homogeneous
The 1st factor that affects solubility is ___
-Nonpolar solvents only dissolve ___ solvents
-Polar solvents only dissolve ___ and ___ solutes
-“___dissolves like.”
Nature of solute and solvent (basically polarity)
-Nonpolar
-Polar and ionic (NM+NM)
-Like
The 2nd factor that affects solubility is ___
Temperature
Gas solutes have a ___ relationship with temperature and solubility
Indirect (ex: soda in a hot car)
For most solid solutes, they have a ___ relationship with temperature and solubility
Direct (ex: sugar in hot vs cold tea)
The 3rd factor that affects solubility is ___
-Only affects ___ solutes
-Increasing this ___ solubility
Pressure
-Gas
-Increases
IMPORTANT: The density of water is:
THIS IS VERY IMPORTANT! THIS PIECE OF INFORMATION WILL BE USEFUL IN MANY DIFFERENT CALCULATIONS!
1 gram per 1 mL