Chem in bio

Question 1

What are compounds?

Answer 1

2 or more different elements

Question 2

What are molecules made up of?

Answer 2

They are made up of 2 or more bonded atoms

Question 3

What are the 3 subatomic particles of an atom?

Answer 3

Proton, neutron, electron

Question 4

-Proton charge
-What protons determine about an element
-location

Answer 4

have positive charge and are in the nucleus (p+) it determines element

Question 5

-Neutron charge
-What they determine about an element
-location

Answer 5

are neutral (no charge) and are in the nucleus (n0) it determines isotope

Question 6

-Electron charge
-What they determine about an element
-location

Answer 6

have negative charge and are in the orbitals (Surrounding the nucleus) (e-) it determines chemical behavior

Question 7

What determines the atomic number?

Answer 7

Number of protons

Question 8

What determines the atomic mass?

Answer 8

Protons plus neutrons

Question 9

What are the 2 orbital shapes

Answer 9

S orbital (spherical) and p orbital (propeller/dumbbell)

Question 10

How many orbitals are in the first shell?

Answer 10

1st shell in electron shells have 1 s orbital, can hold 2 electrons

Question 11

How many orbitals are in the 2nd shell?

Answer 11

2nd shell has 1 S orbital and 3 propeller orbitals, can hold 8 electrons total

Question 12

How do electrons fill orbitals?

Answer 12

Electrons fills orbitals based on energy levels, they fill the closest shell to the nucleus first, and then s orbital before p orbital

Question 13

What are valence electrons?

Answer 13

electrons that are in the outer shell that are available to interact with other atoms

Question 14

How do Isotopes differ in different isotopes of elements?

Answer 14

The number of neutrons is different

Question 15

What do chemical bonds do?

Answer 15

Hold atoms together

Question 16

What are Covalent bonds?

Answer 16

interatomic linkage that results from the sharing of an electron pair between two atoms
-Electrons shared to fill valence shells

Question 17

What are Polar Covalent bonds?

Answer 17

atoms with different electronegativities, pos and neg. Shared unequally Ex:water

Question 18

What are the types of covalent bonds?

Answer 18

Polar and nonpolar covalent bonds

Question 19

What are Non-Polar Covalent bonds?

Answer 19

atoms with similar electronegativities. Electrons shared equally
-covalent bonds are the strongest bc the atoms think that the electron shared is theirs, so they work hard to keep it
- H—F (shows that the electrons are being shared)

Question 20

Electronegativity definition

Answer 20

ability of nucleus to attract electrons

Question 21

Ionic bond definition

Answer 21

an attraction of positive and negative
-where electrons are transferred
–positive ion being attracted to negative ion

Question 22

What is cation vs anion ions

Answer 22

-Cation: pos charge, lost electrons
-Anion: neg charge, gained electrons
-Ionic bond: cation binds to an anion like i said pos being attracted to neg