charles1 religious beliefs 1 Flashcards
Charles became drawn to Arminian theology
liberal protestant movement merged from calvinism (prot>cal>ami) so promoted those of arminian persuasion to high positions of eng society eg William laud archbishop of cantebury 1633. cause tension with parliment
arminian theology
gods poverty an human free will are compatible, god desires the salvation of all to be saved
Calvinism v arminiasm
c- man can resist god, beliver may loose salvation
a-irrisistable elation, elect never loose salvation
1st parliment and 2nd parliment dissolved(1625/26)
protect Buckingham from parlimetary remonstrance
3rd parliment dissolved (1628)
refused further tonnage and poundage, attacks on buckinhagm, refused to acknowledge petition of rights
beginning of personal rule (since parliment dissolved)
disolved parliment via proclamation and had several leaders of 3rd parliament arrested, Charles grew antagonistic an disenchanted with parliament that he did not call upon it for next 11 years.
inferences of second parliment 1626 (war+buckinhgam)
after failed cadeiz expedition Charles need war funds (need parliament)
-parlimet more focused on removing Buckingham for misappropriate state funds
-Charles warned if didn’t turn attention to war needs, instead of buckinham, will be forced to take other resolutions
collection of tonnage and poundage without parliaments approval(seen as parleimtry privilege)
tonnage and poundage was a continual dispute between royal and parliment. essentialy taxes on imports and exports used for countries defensive/offensive purposes(navy)
-parlimet was customary to grant this at start of reign until 1625.
-hesiatnt to give due to buckhinham (expeditions/misaporopate state funds) so Charles had greievices with this and saw as limit drop/prerogative and raised taxes himself.
forced loan 1626
Charles used royal prerogative of forced loan, everyone liable had to attend public meeting and individually pressed to pay
-oppostion to forced loan= leaflets persuading not to pay/abuse power
angician church has been est
monarch has supreme power- not pope so church was source of royal authority and king appointed archibishops/bishops (authority over church ministers)
the pulpit was a source of mass communication
everyone required by law to attend church as it was mass media of the day
conflict around religion and church affairs in Europe between Cath/prot eg 30years war 1618-48 AND conflict with prot (arminains/puritains)
diff idea son what the church of england should be- political conflict as c.1 proffered arminian whilst sig number of puritans in parliament
catholic orgins:
from 1054 onwards western Christendom dominated by Cath church. under control of pope.
catholic belief:
papal supremacy/salavtio achieved through good works/bible latin/chcuh buildings lavishly decorated/preist vestments jewel gold thread/little emphasis on preaching and sermons and services are ceremonial.
catholic services
elaborate/highly ceremonial. carried out by press at altar. they bowl and kneel infront of minister to receive this. believe eating bread and wine > miracle.
POPE>ARCHIBISHOP>BISHOP>PREIST- episcopal monarchy
protestant reformation 1517-c
Lutherans(1517) and calvansits(1536) sought to reform and evenurally breakaway Cath church.
protestant (+calvanists) beliefs
reject papal authority, stressed authority of scripture and not person. favourd democratic church gov. bible serves in vernacular(LOCAL LANG), ministers plainly dressed/church modest, reject rituals. focus on preaching via sermons
English reformation
Henry vIII> replaced pope as supreme head of church 1534-for women.
Edward vI> church more prot, common prayer book introduced 1549(OWN LANG)
Mary I>reversed, those who refused to convert to cathlocislm burnt at stake - 300 people
Elizabeth settlement 1558-9
stability ensured
act of supremacy1558-restore English monarch of supreme governer
act of uniformity1559-1549 prayer book used ensured compliance of recusancy fines and court of high commission.
the elizabethan settlement established a broad church, formed compromise with Cath/protestant
most Cath kept faith prove and conformed by attending church service.
Cath who resisted services could be fined(recusnensy fines)
Cath could receive death penalty.
