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BIO1339 - Cell > Characteristics of a Cell > Flashcards

Characteristics of a Cell Flashcards

1
Q

What is 10 angstrom in nanometers?

A

1 nanometer

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2
Q

What is the unit for nanometer?

A

nm

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3
Q

what is 1,000 nanometer in micrometer?

A

1 micrometer

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4
Q

What is the unit for micrometer?

A

μm

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5
Q

What is 1,000,000 micrometers in meters?

A

1 meter

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6
Q

What is the unit for meter?

A

m

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7
Q

How many ribosomes are need to make up one meter?

A

20,000,000

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8
Q

How big or small should something be to be consider subcellular?

A

<1μm

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9
Q

How big or small should something be to be consider cellular?

A

> 1μm

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10
Q

What size do protein vary around?

A

10 nm

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11
Q

What is Robert Hooke most known for?

A

Hooke elasticity law

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12
Q

What did Hooke publish in 1665?

A

Micrographia some physiological descriptions of minute bodies made by magnifying glasses

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13
Q

How many observations did Hooke report in the book he published in 1665?

A

60 observations

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14
Q

What is an extracellular structure?

A

Outside of the cell

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15
Q

What is an intracellular structure?

A

Inside of the cell

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16
Q

What do cells have a tendency to do?

A

Move around, recognise and do things

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17
Q

What did Leeuwenhoek discover in 1676?

A

Discovered bacteria

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18
Q

What did Leeuwenhoek discover in 1674?

A

Free-living and parasitic microscopic protists

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19
Q

What did Leeuwenhoek discover in 1677?

A

Sperm cells

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20
Q

What did Leeuwenhoek discover in 1688?

A

Muscle fibres

21
Q

What did Schleiden and Schwann propose in 1839?

A

Cell theory

22
Q

What three things did the “Cell theory” propose?

A
  1. Cell is the unit of structure, physiology and organising in living things
  2. Cell stains dual extixtanze as distinct entity and building block
  3. Cells form by free-cell formation
23
Q

Which out of the three things that the “Cell theory” propose was wrong?

Select one:
A. Cell is the unit of structure, physiology and organising in living things
B. Cell stains dual extixtanze as distinct entity and building block
C. Cells form by free-cell formation

A

C

24
Q

How proposed a correction to the “Cell theory”?

A

Virchow

25
Q

What did Virchow propose to the “Cell theory” to replace cells form by free-cell formation?

A

All cells only arise from pre-existing cells

26
Q

What did Crick propose in 1958?

A

Central Dogma of Molecular Cell Biology

27
Q

What is the central dogma of molecular cell biology?

A
  • 3 molecules can interact to pass detailed information (DNA to RNA to PROTEIN
  • Two step process: (1) transcription (2) translation
28
Q

What are the common mechanisms in all cell?

A
  • Cells gather material from environment and duplicate
  • Information is stored and inherited by DNA
  • Information is partially transcribed into an intermediate form (RNA)
  • RNA contracts proteins (translation)
  • Proteins are the molecules that put genetic information into action
  • Enclosed in a plasma membrane across which material must pass
29
Q

Which sentence is correct:
A) The cell is the complex unit of life
B) The cell is the basic unit of life

A

B

30
Q

What are the features of the cell?

A
  • All cells come form pre-existing cells by division
  • Cells contain hereditary information which is pass during cell division
  • All cells are basically the same chemical composition
  • All energy flow occurs with the cell
31
Q

How many cells does the human body consist of approximately?

A

10^14 (100,000,000,000,000)

32
Q

What are the five kingdoms of classification of life base on morphology?

A
  • Plantae
  • Fungi
  • Animalia
  • Protista
  • Prokaryotae (Monera)
33
Q

What are the three domain classification of life?

A
  • Bacteria
  • Archaea
  • Eukaryotes
34
Q

What is the domain classification of life based on?

A

Ribosomal RNA sequence

35
Q

Who proposed the domain classification of life?

A

Carl Woese 1977

36
Q

What are responsible for the diversity of plants?

A

Microbes

37
Q

What is the structure of a bacterium?

A
  • Pilli
  • Cell wall
  • Ribosomes
  • Plasma membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleoid (DNA)
  • Flagellum
38
Q

What is the structure of an animal eukaryotic cell?

A
  • Plasma membrane
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Peroxisome
  • Mitochondrium
  • Lysosome
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Nuclear membrane
  • Nucleus
39
Q

What is the difference in structure between monera and animal/protozoa cells?

A

Monera:
circular DNA
cell wall

Animals/protozoa:
Nucleus contains DNA
mitochondria
endomembrane system

40
Q

What is the difference in structure between monera and fungi?

A

Monera:
circular DNA

Fungi:
mitochondria
endomembrane system
nucleus contains DNA

Both:
Cell wall

41
Q

What is the difference in structure between monera and plants?

A

Monera:
circular DNA

Plants:
mitochondria
endomembrane
chloroplasts

Both:
Cell wall

42
Q

What is the difference in structure between animals/protozoa and plants?

A

Animals/protozoa:
membrane

Plants:
chloroplast
cell wall

Both:
mitochondria
endomembrane
Nucleus contains DNA

43
Q

What is the difference in structure between animals/protozoa and fungi?

A

Animals/protozoa:
endomembrane

Fungi:
Cell wall

Both:
mitochondria
endomembrane
nucleus contains DNA

44
Q

What is the difference in structure between plants and fungi?

A

Plant:
Chloroplast

Both:
mitochondria
endomembrane
cell wall
nucleus contains DNA
45
Q

Out of the five kingdoms of classification of life are prokaryotes cell?

A

Bacteria and archaea

46
Q

Out of the five kingdoms of classification of life are eukaryotic cell?

A

Animals, fungi and plants

47
Q

Which cell out of prokaryote and eukaryote have DNA enclosed in a nucleus?

A

Eukaryote

48
Q

What do endomembrane systems form?

A

Compartments

49
Q

What are compartments?

A

Membrane surrounded space

BIO1339 - Cell (9 decks)

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