Chapters 27-29

Question 1

33rd President of the United States (1945–1953), taking office upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt. A World War I veteran, he assumed the presidency during the waning months of World War II and the beginning of the Cold War. He is known for implementing the Marshall Plan to rebuild the economy of Western Europe, for the establishment of the ______ Doctrine and NATO against Soviet and Chinese Communism, and for intervening in the Korean War.

Answer 1

President Harry S. Truman

Question 2

those people born worldwide between 1946 and 1964, the time frame most commonly used to define them.

Answer 2

Baby Boomers

Question 3

an American foreign policy whose stated purpose was to counter Soviet geopolitical expansion during the Cold War

Answer 3

Truman Doctrine

Question 4

an American initiative to aid Western Europe, in which the United States gave over $12 billion in economic assistance to help rebuild Western European economies after the end of World War II.

Answer 4

Marshall Plan

Question 5

an intergovernmental military alliance between 29 North American and European countries. Constitutes a system of collective defense whereby its independent member states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party.

Answer 5

NATO

Question 6

any of the Southern Democrats who seceded from the party in 1948 in opposition to its policy of extending civil rights.

Answer 6

Dixiecrats

Question 7

Chinese communist revolutionary who became the founding father of the People’s Republic of China, which he ruled as the Chairman of the Communist Party

Answer 7

Mao Tse-tung

Question 8

a political and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China between 1928 and 1975, first in mainland China until 1949 and then in exile in Taiwan (Formosa). He was recognized by much of the world as the head of the legitimate government of China until the late 1960s and early 1970s. He was the longest-ruling non-royal leader of China, having ruled for 46 years.

Answer 8

Chiang Kai Shek

Question 9

an amphibious invasion and battle of the Korean War that resulted in a decisive victory and strategic reversal in favor of the United Nations (UN).

Answer 9

Battle of Inchon

Question 10

United States citizens who spied for the Soviet Union and were tried, convicted, and executed by the federal government of the United States.

Answer 10

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

Question 11

known for alleging that numerous Communists and Soviet spies and sympathizers had infiltrated the United States federal government, universities, film industry, and elsewhere. Ultimately, the smear tactics that he used led him to be censured by the U.S. Senate.

Answer 11

Senator Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin

Question 12

a 1958 book by Harvard economist John Kenneth Galbraith that sought to clearly outline the manner in which the post-World War II United States was becoming wealthy in the private sector but remained poor in the public sector, lacking social and physical infrastructure, and perpetuating income disparities.

Answer 12

“The Affluent Society”

Question 13

a law that provided a range of benefits for returning World War II veterans

Answer 13

G.I. Bill of Rights

Question 14

Rock & Roll artists of the 50’s

Answer 14

Elvis Presley, Chuck Berry, Bill Haley & the Comets, Little Richard, Fat’s Domino

Question 15

an American music-performance show that aired in various versions from 1952 to 1989 and was hosted from 1956 until its final season by _______, who also served as producer.

Answer 15

American Bandstand with Dick Clark

Question 16

a media stereotype prevalent throughout the 1950s to mid-1960s that displayed the more superficial aspects of the Beat Generation literary movement of the 1950s. Elements of the _____ trope included pseudo-intellectualism, drug use, and a cartoonish depiction of real-life people along with the spiritual quest of Jack Kerouac’s autobiographical fiction.

Answer 16

Beats “Beatnik”

Question 17

Art & Literature of the 50’s

Answer 17

Jackson Pollock, J. D. Sallinger, Jack Kerouac

Question 18

an American actress, model, and singer. Famous for playing comic “blonde bombshell” characters, she became one of the most popular sex symbols of the 1950s and was emblematic of the era’s attitudes towards sexuality.

Answer 18

Marilyn Monroe

Question 19

Baseball legends of the 50’s

Answer 19

Mickey Mantle, Duke Snider, Willie Mays

Question 20

On October 29, 1956, Israeli armed forces pushed into Egypt toward the ______ after Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser (1918-70) nationalized it in July of that same year, initiating the Suez Crisis

Answer 20

Suez Canal

Question 21

_____ was the first artificial Earth satellite. The Soviet Union launched it into an elliptical low Earth orbit on 4 October 1957, orbiting for three weeks before its batteries died

Answer 21

Sputnik

Question 22

a Soviet statesman who led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964. Tore down Berlin Wall.

Answer 22

Nikita Khruschev

Question 23

Lockheed Corporation originally proposed it in 1953, approval followed 1954, and the first test flight occurred in 1955. It has been flown during the Cold War over the Soviet Union, China, Vietnam, and Cuba.

Answer 23

U-2 Spy Plane

Question 24

a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional.

Answer 24

Brown v. Board of Education

Question 25

In a closely contested election, Democrat John F. Kennedy defeated incumbent Vice President Richard Nixon, the Republican Party nominee.

Answer 25

Election of 1960

Question 26

Kennedy’s Administration commonly referred to as…

Answer 26

“Camelot”

Question 27

The term ______ was used by modern liberalism in the United States Democratic presidential candidate John F. Kennedy in his acceptance speech in the 1960 United States presidential election to the Democratic National Convention at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum as the Democratic slogan to inspire America to support him. The phrase developed into a label for his administration’s domestic and foreign programs.

Answer 27

New Frontier

Question 28

a failed military invasion of Cuba undertaken by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)-sponsored paramilitary group Brigade 2506 on 17 April 1961

Answer 28

Bay of Pigs

Question 29

a quotation of U.S. President John F. Kennedy, in a speech given on June 26, 1963, in West Berlin. It is widely regarded as the best-known speech of the Cold War and the most famous anti-communist speech.

Answer 29

“Ich bin ein Berliner”

Question 30

13-day (October 16–28, 1962) confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union concerning American ballistic missile deployment in Italy and Turkey with consequent Soviet ballistic missile deployment in Cuba.

Answer 30

Cuban Missile Crisis

Question 31

a former Marine and Marxist who assassinated United States President John F. Kennedy on November 22, 1963

Answer 31

Lee Harvey Oswald

Question 32

the Dallas, Texas, nightclub owner who fatally shot Lee Harvey Oswald on November 24, 1963, while Oswald was in police custody after being charged with assassinating U.S. President John F. Kennedy.

Answer 32

Jack Ruby

Question 33

The President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, known unofficially as the ______, was established by President Lyndon B. Johnson through Executive Order 11130 on November 29, 1963

Answer 33

Warren Report

Question 34

________ was a set of domestic programs in the United States launched by Democratic President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964–65. The main goal was the elimination of poverty and racial injustice.

Answer 34

The Great Society

Question 35

held on Tuesday, November 3, _____, incumbent Democratic President Lyndon B. Johnson defeated Barry Goldwater, the Republican nominee.

Answer 35

1964

Question 36

a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting.

Answer 36

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Question 37

one of the largest military campaigns of the Vietnam War, launched on January 30, 1968, by forces of the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese People’s Army of Vietnam against the forces of the South Vietnamese Army of the Republic of Vietnam, the United States Armed Forces, and their allies. It was a campaign of surprise attacks against military and civilian command and control centers throughout South Vietnam

Answer 37

Tet Offensive