Chapter 26 Flashcards
a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.
The Second World War
a neutrality pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed in Moscow on 23 August 1939 by foreign ministers Joachim von Ribbentrop and Vyacheslav Molotov
Non-Aggression Pact
a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service against the United States naval base at ______, Hawaii Territory, on the morning of December 7, 1941
Pearl Harbor
a marginal sea of the South Pacific off the northeast coast of Australia, and classified as an interim Australian bioregion. _________ extends 2,000 kilometres down the Australian northeast coast.
Coral Sea
a decisive naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II which occurred between 4 and 7 June 1942, only six months after Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor and one month after the Battle of the Coral Sea
Midway
is the crossing of an ocean by a series of shorter journeys between islands, as opposed to a single journey directly to the destination.
Island Hopping
a major battle in which the United States Marine Corps landed on and eventually captured the island of _______ from the Imperial Japanese Army
Iwo Jima
a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons. It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada.
Manhattan Project
a modern city on Japan’s Honshu Island, was largely destroyed by an atomic bomb during World War II.
Hiroshima
a second atom bomb was dropped on Japan by the United States, at _____, resulting finally in Japan’s unconditional surrender
Nagasaki
a battle of the Second World War that took place near the Egyptian railway halt of _______. With the Allies victorious, it was the watershed of the Western Desert Campaign
El Alamein
the day (June 6, 1944) in World War II on which Allied forces invaded northern France by means of beach landings in Normandy.
D-Day
the landing operations on Tuesday, 6 June 1944 of the Allied invasion of Normandy in Operation Overlord during World War II.
Normandy Landings
the last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II
Battle of the Bulge
is celebrated on May 8, 1945 to mark the formal acceptance by the Allies of World War II of Nazi Germany’s unconditional surrender of its armed forces.
V-E Day
a British politician, army officer, and writer, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955.
Winston Churchill
World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union for the purpose of discussing Germany and Europe’s postwar reorganization
Yalta Conference
held at Cecilienhof, the home of Crown Prince Wilhelm in Potsdam, occupied Germany, from 17 July to 2 August 1945. Stalin, Churchill, and Truman gathered to decide how to administer Germany, which had agreed to unconditional surrender nine weeks earlier on 8 May (Victory in Europe Day)
Potsdam Conference
a cultural icon of World War II, representing the women who worked in factories and shipyards during World War II, many of whom produced munitions and war supplies
Rosie the Riveter
an American who participated in English-language propaganda broadcasts transmitted by Radio Tokyo to Allied soldiers in the South Pacific during World War II on The Zero Hour radio show
Tokyo Rose
a men’s suit with high-waisted, wide-legged, tight-cuffed, pegged trousers, and a long coat with wide lapels and wide padded shoulders. In 1943 during World War II there were a series of anti-Mexican youth riots in Los Angeles known as the _____ Riots. Norris J. Nelson, Los Angeles City Council member, proposed outlawing zoot suits after the Riots.
Zoot Suit
The______ of Japanese Americans in the United States during World War II was the forced relocation and incarceration in camps in the western interior of the country of between 110,000 and 120,000
Japanese Internment
a fleet admiral of the United States Navy. He played a major role in the naval history of World War II as Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet and Commander in Chief, Pacific Ocean Areas, commanding Allied air, land, and sea forces during World War II.
Admiral Nimitz
an American five-star general and Field Marshal of the Philippine Army. He was Chief of Staff of the United States Army during the 1930s and played a prominent role in the Pacific theater during World War II.
General MacArthur
an American army general and statesman who served as the 34th President of the United States from 1953 to 1961.
“Ike” General Dwight D. Eisenhower
a senior officer of the United States Army who commanded the U.S. Seventh Army in the Mediterranean theater of World War II, but is best known for his leadership of the U.S. Third Army in France and Germany following the Allied invasion of Normandy in June 1944.
General Patton
an air raid by the United States on the Japanese capital Tokyo and other places on the island of Honshu during World War II, the first air operation to strike the Japanese Home Islands.
Doolittle Raid
one of the most decorated American combat soldiers of World War II. He received every military combat award for valor available from the U.S. Army, as well as French and Belgian awards for heroism.
Audie Murphy
an American Messman Third Class in the United States Navy. During the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 Miller manned anti-aircraft guns, and attended to the wounded.
Dorie Miller
Axis Powers
Italy, Germany, & Japan (ROBERTO-ROme, BERlin, TOkyo)
