Chapters 13 & 14

Question 1

All low-incidence, severe, and multiple disabilities combined probably affect what percentage of the population?

Answer 1

less than 1%

Question 2

IDEA recognized the category of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the year

Answer 2

1990

Question 3

Traumatic brain injury is one of the most common injuries of

Answer 3

the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Question 4

Common accepted definitions of TBI specify what four things?

Answer 4

injury to the brain is caused by external force.
injury to the brain is not caused by a degenerative or congenital condition.
there is diminished or altered state of consciousness.
neurological or neurobehavioral dysfunction results from the injury.

Question 5

Brain damage caused by internal compression, stretching, or other shearing motion of neural tissues within the head is due to

Answer 5

closed head injuries

Question 6

involve a penetrating head would from such causes as a fall, gunshot, assault, vehicular accident, or surgery

Answer 6

open head injuries

Question 7

a degenerative brain disease caused by repetitive trauma to the brain.

Answer 7

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)

Question 8

The prevalence of TBI has increased so much in recent years that it is not referred to as what

Answer 8

silent epidemic

Question 9

Are males or females more prone to TBI?

Answer 9

males

Question 10

What is the most common cause of TBI in children under five?

Answer 10

accidental falls

Question 11

After age 5, and increasingly through adolescence, the primary cause of TBI is

Answer 11

vehicular accidents

Question 12

A syndrome that causes deaf-blindness and is characterized by a number of physical defects, such as an abnormally shaped pupil, and results in difficulties in swallowing and breathing is

Answer 12

charge syndrome

Question 13

Three syndromes associated with deaf-blindness

Answer 13

Down syndrome.
CHARGE syndrome.
Usher syndrome

Question 14

Three prenatal conditions that cause deaf-blindness

Answer 14

German measles.
rubella.
congenital cytomegalovirus

Question 15

An inherited syndrome of deaf-blindness characterized by hearing loss and retinitis pigmentosa is

Answer 15

Usher syndrome

Question 16

The Acadian French of south Louisiana are known for

Answer 16

having a high incidence of Usher syndrome

Question 17

In addressing the needs of students with deaf-blindness, two principles that practitioners and parents should keep in mind are

Answer 17

direct teaching and structured routines

Question 18

An adaptation that may be used by a person who is deaf-blind to communicate with the public is

Answer 18

assistance cards

Question 19

Any manual or electronic means by which a person who is unable to communicate through normal speech can express wants and needs, share information, engage in social closeness, or manage social etiquette is

Answer 19

augmentative or alternative communication.

Question 20

Any repetitive, stereotyped behavior that seems to have no immediately apparent purpose is

Answer 20

self-simulation

Question 21

The process of finding out why or under what circumstances problem behavior is exhibited is called

Answer 21

functional behavioral assessment

Question 22

What was the first word that Helen Keller was able to “hear?”

Answer 22

it

Question 23

What was Helen Keller’s greatest disappointment?

Answer 23

not being able to speak normally

Question 24

The primary distinguishing characteristics of children with physical disability is

Answer 24

physical limitations or health problems

Question 25

Impairments that a child is born with are referred to as

Answer 25

congenital anomalies

Question 26

A condition that may be severe but resolves with treatment

Answer 26

acute

Question 27

A condition that is incurable is

Answer 27

chronic

Question 28

A condition that occurs repeatedly but does not necessarily become more severe over time is

Answer 28

episodic

Question 29

A condition that becomes more and more severe over time is

Answer 29

progressive

Question 30

What effect have advances in medicine had on the need for special education due to physical disabilities?

Answer 30

increased the need for special education for students with severe disabilities.

Question 31

Impairments that are the result of injury to the brain that also affect the ability to move parts of one's body are

Answer 31

neuromotor impairments

Question 32

When a child's nervous system is damaged, no matter what the cause, which of the following is often one of the symptoms?

Answer 32

muscular weakness or paralysis

Question 33

Cerebral palsy is classified by

Answer 33

the limbs involved and type of motor disability.

Question 34

Andre's legs are paralyzed, but he has full use of his arms. His condition is

Answer 34

paraplegia

Question 35

Stiffness or tenseness of muscles and inaccurate voluntary movements is known as

Answer 35

spasticity

Question 36

Abrupt, involuntary movements and difficulty in maintaining balance is known as

Answer 36

choreoathetoid

Question 37

floppiness or lack of muscle tone

Answer 37

atonic

Question 38

When there is an abnormal discharge of electrical energy in certain brain cells, the result is

Answer 38

seizures

Question 39

What are four common causes of seizures

Answer 39

lack of oxygen. low blood sugar. infections. physical trauma

Question 40

a congenital midline defect resulting from failure of the bony spinal column to close completely during fetal development. His condition is known as

Answer 40

spina bifida

Question 41

Any malformation of the spine, spinal cord, or brain is a

Answer 41

neural tube defect

Question 42

a hereditary disease characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers

Answer 42

muscular dystrophy

Question 43

is characterized by pain in and around the joints and muscles.

Answer 43

juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Question 44

A lung disease characterized by episodic inflammation or obstruction of the air passages such that the person has difficulty breathing is

Answer 44

asthma

Question 45

In addition to its effect on the immune system, AIDS poses all of the following threats to children

Answer 45

intellectual disability. emotional or behavioral disorders. seizures. cerebral palsy

Question 46

For children with most physical disabilities and other health impairments, a common cause of academic difficulties is

Answer 46

erratic school attendance

Question 47

Children's reactions to their own physical disabilities are largely a reflection of what

Answer 47

how others respond to them

Question 48

an artificial replacement for a missing body part

Answer 48

prosthesis

Question 49

a device that enhances the partial function of a part of a person's body

Answer 49

orthosis

Question 50

Which principles are most important to keep in mind when considering prosthetics and orthotics?

Answer 50

residual function, simplicity, reliability

Question 51

The greatest problem with using technology for people with physical disabilities is

Answer 51

accurately evaluating them to determine what would be most useful.

Question 52

The primary goal of adapted physical education is

Answer 52

to allow access to activities that support physical, recreational, and leisure goals

Question 53

A person who provides support for daily living skills and fine motor skills is a(n)

Answer 53

occupational therapists

Question 54

A situation in which a person with a disability becomes a regular employee, performs a valued function in a regular work setting, and receives fair pay while receiving training, social skills instruction, and other services is

Answer 54

supported employment

Question 55

The greatest complicating factor in most students' return to school following TBI is

Answer 55

anguage or speech disorders

Question 56

The intelligence of children with cerebral palsy is

Answer 56

difficult to assess due to difficulties in perception, movement, or response speed.

Question 57

The intelligence of students with conditions affecting the musculoskeletal system is

Answer 57

unaffected