Chapters 11 & 12 Short Answers

Question 1

Name two of the physical changes which occur for each gender during adolescence

Answer 1

Girls: Growth of of pubic hairs, development of breasts, growth spurt, and menarche (first period)
Boys: Growth of pubic, leg, arm and facial hair, lowering of voice, growth spurt, first ejaculation

Question 2

what are three factors that contribute to an adolescent’s likelihood to develop and eating disorder?

Answer 2

Tendency towards perfection, need to achieve, low self-esteem, poor body image, strained relationship with parents, peer pressure, the need to fit in, a tendency towards introversion

Question 3

what are the four different identity statuses from Marcia’s Theory of Achievement

Answer 3

Identity Achievement- the person has been through a crisis and has reached a commitment to ideological, occupational or other goals
Moratorium- a crisis in in progress, but not commitment has yet been made
Foreclosure- the person has made a commitment without having gone through a crisis. No reassessment of old positions has been made. Instead the young person accepts a parentally or culturally defined commitment.
Identity Diffusion- the young person is not in the midst of a crisis (although there may have been one in the past) and has not made a commitment. Diffusion may thus represent wither and early stage in the process (before crisis) or a failure to reach commitment after crisis.

Question 4

Describe the level of moral reasoning of adolescents based on Kohlberg’s theory of moral development

Answer 4

Most adolescents are in the conventional level of moral development. The main source of authority is external, and usually a group. Generally, they are focussed on displaying good behaviour in order to please others. often their morals are based on rules and expectations of other people.

Question 5

When does conflict between adolescents and parents arise? What are the typical themes of conflict?

Answer 5

Conflict between adolescents and parents usually begins once puberty starts, and menarche begins. Most arguments are over small issues such as chores curfew and time spent on technology.