Chapter_15_Psychiatric disorders in children Flashcards
What are the core symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?
Deficits in social communication, restricted repetitive behaviors, early onset, significant impairment.
What genetic mutation is associated with Rett Syndrome?
MECP2 gene mutation.
What is the diagnostic age cutoff for ADHD?
Symptoms must appear before age 12.
What is the main pharmacological treatment for ADHD?
Stimulants (e.g., methylphenidate, amphetamines).
What is the difference between Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) and Conduct Disorder (CD)?
ODD has defiant behavior without severe rule violations, while CD includes aggression, property destruction, and serious violations.
Which childhood disorder is characterized by excessive distress when separated from caregivers?
Separation Anxiety Disorder.
What is the first-line treatment for Selective Mutism?
Behavioral therapy and gradual exposure.
What disorder involves multiple motor and vocal tics for more than one year?
Tourette Syndrome.
What neurodevelopmental disorder is most commonly associated with ADHD and OCD?
Tourette Syndrome.
What is the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability?
Fragile X Syndrome.
What are common causes of intellectual disability?
Down syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, fetal alcohol syndrome.
Which learning disorder affects reading ability?
Dyslexia.
What is Childhood Disintegrative Disorder?
A rare disorder with regression after 2 years of normal development.
What percentage of ADHD cases persist into adulthood?
Around 50%.
What is the difference between Reactive Attachment Disorder and Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder?
Reactive: Withdrawn and unresponsive; Disinhibited: Indiscriminately friendly with strangers.
What childhood disorder is associated with fear of social interaction and not speaking in certain situations?
Selective Mutism.
Which neurotransmitters are implicated in ADHD?
Dopamine and norepinephrine.
What is the primary treatment for Conduct Disorder?
Behavioral therapy, parental training, and sometimes medications for aggression.
