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EMSP 1501 > Chapter Quizzes/Exams > Flashcards

Chapter Quizzes/Exams Flashcards

1
Q

The term “supraventricular tachycardia” means:

  • a slow HR that originates from within the ventricals
  • a slow HR that originates from above the ventricales
  • a rapid HR that originates from within the ventricles
  • a rapid HR that originates from above the ventricles
A

a rapid HR that originates from above the ventricles

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2
Q

A 5-year-old boy has fallen and has a severe deformity of the forearm near the wrist. He has possibly sustained a fx of the ____ forearm

  • distal
  • superior
  • proximal
  • dorsal
A

distal

the elbow is distal to the shoulder and proximal to the wrist and hand

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3
Q

The topographic term used to describe the location of body parts that are closer toward the midline of the body is:

  • midclavicular
  • lateral
  • midaxillary
  • medial
A

medial

body parts that lie closer to the midline

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4
Q

Movement or motion away from the bodys midline is called:

  • flexion
  • extension
  • abduction
  • adduction
A

abduction

motion away from the midline

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5
Q

An intoxicated 40-year-old male is found lying face down. How would you document his body’s position?

  • prone
  • dorsal
  • supine
  • recumbent
A

prone

lying face down

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6
Q

The term “pericardiocentesis” means:

  • surgical repair of the sac around the heart
  • a surgical opening made in the heart
  • narrowing of the arteries supplying the heart
  • the removal of fluid around the heart
A

the removal of fluid around the heart

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7
Q

A pregnant patient is diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum. This means that:

  • she has frequent urination
  • her unborn baby is very large
  • her respiratory rate is rapid
  • she has excessive vomitting
A

she has excessive vomitting

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8
Q

Which of the following anatomic terms is synonymus with the word “dorsal”?

  • posterior
  • palmar
  • anterior
  • medial
A

posterior

back of the body

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9
Q

A fracture of the humerus just above the elbow would be described as a:

  • distal humerus fracture
  • proximal elbow fracture
  • proximal humerus fracture
  • distal forearm fracture
A

distal humerus fracture

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10
Q

A diabetic patient has polydipsia. This means that she:

  • is excessively thirsty
  • is unable to swallow
  • has low blood sugar
  • urinates frequently
A

is excessively thirsty

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11
Q

A patient in a semi-reclined position with the head elevated to facilitate breathing is in the ____ position.

  • supine
  • recovery
  • prone
  • Fowler
A

Fowler

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12
Q

A young male jumped from a tree and landed feet first. Which aspect of his body has sustained the initial injury?

  • ventral
  • dorsal
  • palmar
  • plantar
A

plantar

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13
Q

After applying a tourniquet, the injury from a patients leg stops bleeding. This is called:

  • hemolysis
  • hematemesis
  • hemiplegia
  • hemostasis
A

hemostasis

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14
Q

In relation to the wirst, the elbow is:

  • lateral
  • medial
  • proximal
  • distal
A

proximal

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15
Q

A patient with a pneumothorax has unilateral chest expansion. This means that:

  • both of his lungs are expaning when he inhales
  • his chest and his abdomen are moving in opposite directions
  • both sides of his chest are moving minimally
  • only one side of his chest rises when he inhales
A

only one side of his chest rises when he inhales

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16
Q

True/False

The body is in supine position when lying face up

A

True

“supine” denotes face-up

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17
Q

True/False

“Dorsal” and “Posterior” are synonyms for the spinal side of the body

A

True

dorsal/posterior both mean behind & denote spinal side of the body

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18
Q

True/False

Proximal describes structures that are farther away from the trunk

A

False

“proximal” describes structures nearer to the trunk

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19
Q

True/False

The elbow is distal to the shoulder and proximal to the wrist and hand

A

True

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20
Q

True/False

The root word “eryth/o” denotes the color white

A

False

“eryth/o” denotes the color red

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21
Q

What is the medical term for coughing up blood?

  • hemturia
  • hematemesis
  • hemoptysis
  • hemogastritisis
A

hemoptysis

“ptysis” is the suffix for spitting or coughing

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22
Q

The topographic term used to describe the parts of the body that are nearer to the feet is:

  • superior
  • dorsal
  • internal
  • inferior
A

inferior

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23
Q

In relation to the chest, the back is:

  • anterior
  • ventral
  • inferior
  • posterior
A

posterior

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24
Q

A patient fractured both femurs. Anatomically, these injuries would be described as being:

  • unilateral
  • medial
  • bilateral
  • proximal
A

bilateral

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25
Q

The ____ of the heart is the inferior portion of the ventricles

  • dorsum
  • septum
  • base
  • apex
A

apex

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26
Q

What do you call the amount of air that is moved into or out of the lungs during a single breath?

  • tidal volume
  • minute volume
  • residule volume
  • inspiratory reserve volume
A

tidal volume

the amount of air moved into or out of lungs during a single breath

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27
Q

After opening a patients airway and confirming spontaneous respirations, you check for a pulse on his neck just lateral to the trachea. What artery are you palpating?

  • femoral
  • carotid
  • radial
  • brachial
A

carotid

the major artery that supplies blood to the head and brain

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28
Q

Which of the following substances is the main element that bone cells use to create a hard and resilient structure?

  • calcium
  • sodium
  • magnesium
  • potassium
A

calcium

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28
Q

You are treating a patient who has lost a significant amount of blood. Which type of shock is this patient most likely to experience?

  • anaphylactic
  • septic
  • hypovalemic
  • cardiogenic
A

hypovolemic

lack of blood volume

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29
Q

What is the proper name for the cheekbone?

  • zygoma
  • maxilla
  • mandible
  • sphenoid
A

zygoma

quadrangular bones of the cheek

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30
Q

You arrive at the scene of an accident and observe the patient lying face-up on the ground. As you look at the front side of his body, which plane of the body are you observing?

  • sagittal
  • midsagittal
  • transverse
  • coronal
A

coronal

coronal plane divides the body into front and back

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31
Q

The elbow is an example of what type of joint?

  • ball-and-socket
  • immovable
  • hinge
  • saddle
A

hinge

elbow is a hinge joint w/ motion restricted to flexion & extension

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31
Q

What structure of the brain is responsible for the level of consciousness and maintenance of vital signs?

  • frontal lobe
  • brainstem
  • occipital lobe
  • limbic system
A

brainstem

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31
Q

Your patient’s initial pulse rate was 89 beats/min and now it is 116 beats/min. What part of the nervouse system is responsible for this increase?

  • cerebellum
  • somatic
  • sympathetic
  • parasympathetic
A

sympathetic

fight-or-flight

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32
Q

What type of muscle is involved when you hear your stomach growling?

  • smooth muscle
  • voluntary muscle
  • skeletal muscle
  • cardiac muscle
A

smooth muscle

found within blood vessels and intestines

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33
Q

Which of the following glands regulates the function of all other endocrine glands in the body?

  • parathyroid
  • thyroid
  • adrenal
  • pituitary
A

pituitary

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34
Q

Which of the following statements regarding the medulla oblongata is correct?

  • the medulla’s primary role is to increase the bodys level of oxygen, not to decrease its level of CO2
  • the medulla is sensitive to pH changes and sens messages via phrenic n to contract diaphragm
  • the medulla reduces the rate and depth of breathing if it detects an increase in CO2 levels
  • the medulla is a portion of the cerebrum and primarily responds to an increase in the pH CSF
A

the medulla is sensitive to pH changes and sens messages via phrenic n to contract diaphragm

35
Q

If the patient’s chest barely moves during inhalation, even if the patient’s RR is normal, you should suspect that:

  • inspiratory reserve is increased
  • minute volume is decreased
  • overal tidal volume is increased
  • expiratory reserve volume is decreased
A

minute volume is decreased

36
Q

____ pressure is the pressure exerted by a liquid that occurs when blood moves through an artery at relatively high pressure

  • hydrostatic
  • diffusion
  • osmotic
  • oncotic
A

hydrostatic

37
Q

Deoxygenated blood from the abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities is returned to the RA via the:

  • coronary sinus vein
  • IVC
  • SVC
  • common iliac vein
A

inferior vena cava

38
Q

The firm cartilaginous ring that forms the inferior portion of the larynx is called the:

  • tracheal cartilage
  • thyroid cartilage
  • costal cartilage
  • cricoid cartilage
A

cricoid cartilage

39
Q

First cervical vertebrae, which articulates with the skull

A

atlas

40
Q

Cardiac Output (CO) is affected by:

A

stroke volume and heart rate

41
Q

The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the:

  • IVC
  • SVC
  • pulmonary veins
  • pulmonary arteries
A

pulmonary veins

42
Q

The ____ plane seperates the body into left and right halves

A

midsagittal

43
Q

The brain connects to the spinal cord through a large opening at the base of the skull called the:

A

foramen magnum

44
Q

Large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are generatd when:

A

the cells function with adequate oxygen

45
Q

Which of the following statements regarding the heart is correct?

  • the heart receives its blood supply from the pulmonary arteries
  • the heart can tolerate an interruption of O2 for five minutes
  • the heart relies on an. external electrical source to function correctly
  • the heart is under the control of the autonomic nervous system
A

the heart is under the control of the autonomic nervous system

46
Q

The ____ is a muscular dome that seperates the thorax from the abdomen

A

diaphragm

47
Q

An increase in heart rate and contractility occurs due to stimulation of:

  • alpha-1 receptors
  • beta-2 receptors
  • beta-1 receptors
  • alpha-2 receptors
A

beta-1 receptors

48
Q

Which layer of the skin is composed of fatty tissue and serves as an insulator for the body?

A

subcutaneous

49
Q

Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system would result in:

  • a slower heart rate
  • tachycardia
  • vasoconstriction
  • a stronge pulse
A

a slower heart rate

50
Q

The phase of the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles fill with blood is called:

A

diastole

51
Q

How does respiration differ from ventilation?

A

RESPIRATION is the process of gas exhange, whereas VENTILATION is the movement of air between the lungs and the enviroment

52
Q

The exhange of oxygen and nutrients for waste products of metabolism occurs at the cellular level in the:

  • capillaries
  • arterioles
  • venules
  • arteries
A

capillaries

53
Q

Breathing occurs as a result of a(n):

A

increase in CO2, which decreases the pH of the CSF

54
Q

The bony prominence of the lateral/superior aspect of the thigh is called the:

A

greater trochanter

55
Q

The muscle tissue of the heart is called the:

A

myocardium

56
Q

Which of the following organs is NOT part of the digestive system?

  • stomach
  • pancreas
  • kidney
  • gallbladder
A

kidney

57
Q

Mean arterial pressure (MAP) is a product of:

A

cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance

58
Q

Contraction of the RV causes:

A

blood to flow into the pulmonary circulation

59
Q

Abnormalities in metabolism are most likely to be caused by dysfunction of the:

  • thyroid gland
  • adrenal gland
  • pancreas
  • parathyroid gland
A

thyroid gland

60
Q

In an otherwise healthy adult, blood loss would cause:

  • vascular dialation and bradycardia
  • vascular dialation and tachycardia
  • vascular constriction and bradycardia
  • vascular constriction and tachycardia
A

vascular constriction and tachycardia

61
Q

Signs of adequate breathing in the adult include all of the following EXCEPT:

  • respirations of 18 breaths/min
  • rhythmic inhalation and exhalation
  • bilaterally clear breath sounds
  • a reduction in tidal volume
A

a reduction in tidal volume

62
Q

Skeletal muscle is also called:

  • voluntary muscle
  • autonomic muscle
  • involuntary muscle
  • smooth muscle
A

voluntary muscle

63
Q

The distal aspect of the tibia forms the:

A

medial malleolus

64
Q

Which organ lies in the lateral and posterior portion of the LUQ of the abdomen?

  • liver
  • spleen
  • stomach
  • cecum
A

spleen

65
Q

The CNS is composed of the:

A

brain and spinal cord

66
Q

Which of the following statements regarding nervous system control of the cardiovascular system is correct?

A

baroreceptors located throughout the body provide information to the brain regarding the BP

67
Q

The smooth muscles that causes the artery to contract are found in the:

A

tunica media

68
Q

The areas of the spinal column, in descending order, are:

A

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccyx

69
Q

The bones of the forearm are called the:

A

radius and ulna

70
Q

The waste products of aerobic metabolism include:

A

carbon dioxide and water

71
Q

The electrical impulse of the heart normally begins at the:

A

sinoatrial node

72
Q

Pathophysiology is the study of the functional changes that occur when the body reacts to a particular:

A

disease

73
Q

The amount of air that remains in the lungs simply to keep them open is called the:

A

residual volume

74
Q

A patient has a large accumulation of blood in the sac surrounding the heart. Which of the following types of shock would this condition cause?

A

obstructive

75
Q

Which of the following signs of respiratory distress is typically unique to infants and children?

  • unequal chest expansion
  • seesaw respiration
  • irregular breathing battern
  • unequal breath sounds
A

seesaw respirations

76
Q

Which of the following is not a facial bone?

  • mastoid
  • mandible
  • zygoma
  • maxilla
A

mastoid

77
Q

Which of the following skin layers contains sweat and oil glands, hair follicles, blood vessels, and nerve endings?

  • subcutaneous
  • dermis
  • sebaceous
  • epidermis
A

dermis

78
Q

Which of the following is not a function of the skin?

  • Metabolic coordination
  • Sensory reception
  • Temperature regulation
  • Pressure and pain perception
A

metabolic coordination

79
Q

Which of the following is most characteristic of adequate breathing in an adult?

  • Use of the accessory muscles in the neck and cyanosis
  • Cool, clammy skin and retractions above the clavicles
  • Respirations of 30 breaths/min and reduced tidal volume
  • Respirations of 20 breaths/min and bilateral chest movement
A

Respirations of 20 breaths/min and bilateral chest movement

80
Q

The axial skeleton is composed of the:

A

skull, face, thorax, and vertebral column

81
Q

Upon arriving at the scene of a patient with difficulty breathing, you determine that the scene is safe. You enter the residence and find the patient sitting in a chair in respiratory distress. Your first action should be to:

  • ask the patient what’s wrong.
  • assess the patient’s airway status.
  • obtain a set of baseline vital signs.
  • introduce yourself to the patient.
A

introduce yourself to the patient.

82
Q

Normal respiratory rates should not exceed ____ breaths per minute in toddlers and ____ breaths per minute in infants.

  • 20, 30
  • 18, 28
  • 30, 40
  • 40, 60
A

40, 60

83
Q

A 71-year-old female slipped on a rug and fell. She is conscious but confused and complains of severe pelvic pain. Her respirations are 22 breaths/min and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. What should you do?

  • Transport her on her left side
  • Gently palpate her pelvis
  • Treat her for possible shock
  • Transport her in a seated position
A

Treat her for possible shock

84
Q

As time progresses following a significant injury:

  • the patient’s injuries will most likely be irreparable.
  • most patients will die secondary to internal bleeding.
  • the patient’s blood pressure elevates significantly.
  • the body’s ability to compensate for shock decreases.
A

the body’s ability to compensate for shock decreases.

85
Q

When performing a reassessment of your patient, you should first:

  • reassess your interventions.
  • confirm medical history findings.
  • obtain updated vital signs.
  • repeat the primary assessment.
A

repeat the primary assessment.

86
Q

Clinical signs of labored breathing include all of the following, EXCEPT:

  • use of accessory muscles.
  • shallow chest movement.
  • gasping attempts to breathe.
  • supraclavicular retractions.
A

shallow chest movement.

87
Q
A

EMSP 1501 (11 decks)

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