Chapter Quiz 6 Flashcards
The tensor tympani and stapedius muscles are essential for
protecting the auditory system from intense sounds
The canals of the cochlea are filled with _______; thus, sound is carried in the form of ______
fluid; waves
The swaying of stereocilia in response to sound waves results in an influx of _______ at the base of the hair cell, leading to neurotransmitter release
Ca2+
Which of the following does not describe a type of neural connection with hair cells?
OHC afferents, which convey messages from the hair cells to the brain, convey information to the brain about the perception of sounds coming specifically from the basilar membrane
Inner hair cells release the neurotransmitter ______, and outer hair cells release the neurotransmitter ________
glutamate; ACh
The ________ are the regions of the auditory pathway of the human brain in which information from both ears is first integrated
superior olivary nuclei
Brain scans of an individual listening to words is likely to show activation of
All of the listed areas
-portions of the cerebellum
-portions of the thalamus
-the primary auditory area
Speech, in comparison to noise, activates
more extensive brain regions
Frequency discrimination in which the pitch of a sound is determined by the rate of firing of auditory neurons is called
temporal coding
Sound latency difference between the two ears allows an animal to
localize sounds
Experience, music, and language all shape the responses of the _______ cortex
auditory
What is the main difference between hearing loss and deafness?
Hearing loss is defined as decreased sensitivity to sound, while deafness is hearing loss such that speech perception is not possible
The initial site of damage in noise-induced deafness is usually
hair cells
Which event signals the brain that the head has moved?
The deflecting of the stereocilia in the ampulla
Which is not a type of taste papillae?
turbinate
People perceive sweet
anywhere on the tongue where there are taste receptors
In contrast to other sensory systems, olfactory information is not relayed to the primary sensory cortex through the
thalamus
Which correctly shows the pathway that taste information follows in the gustatory pathway?
tongue, brainstem nuclei, thalamus, somatosensory cortex
Olfactory neurons have the capacity to regenerate in adulthood, while brain neurons do not. Why is it thought olfactory neurons adapted this function?
As a response to the hazards of the olfactory environment
The vomeronasal system appears to specialize in detecting
pheromones
