Chapter 9 Quiz Flashcards
Which example demonstrates ectothermic behavior?
A turtle basking on a sunny log
Lesions to which brain region would impair physiological responses to temperature in endotherms?
preoptic area
Thermoregulation is considered a negative feedback system because
restoring the desired temperature turns off the response
What is the significance of a set zone, as opposed to a precise set point, in terms of thermoregulation?
The wide variety of conditions that animals face makes a tolerance, or set zone, instead of a precise set point, more adaptable
Behavioral regulation of body temperature, like moving closer to the fire, is especially affected by lesions of the
lateral hypothalamus
High circulating levels of leptin activate the _______ satiety neurons and simultaneously inhibit the ________ hunger neurons
POMC; NPY
Which statement correctly describes osmotic pressure?
The tendency of a solvent to move across a membrane in order to equalize the concentration of solute on both sides of the membrane
Which hormone causes blood vessels to constrict?
Angiotensin II
The brain responds to hypovolemia by triggering both thirst and hunger for
salt
Two physiological responses to hypovolemia are _______ of blood vessels and the secretion of ________ by the posterior pituitary
constriction; vasopressin
Which event will trigger osmotic thirst?
a salty meal
The body stores glucose for later use after first converting it to a more complex form called
glycogen
Long-term energy storage is accomplished by storage of fat in ________ tissue
adipose
Amino acids that are not manufactured by our bodies are classified as
essential
Which hormone monitors the body’s longer-term energy reserves in the form of fat?
Leptin
The population of beneficial bacteria, fungi, and viruses that inhabit the large intestine of human beings is referred to as a
microbiome
It is thought that each individual’s ________ is in two-way communication with the brain via chemical signals and the ________
enterotype; vagus nerve
Which method is not a current strategy for treating obesity?
drugs that increase digestive acid levels in the stomach
Which statement about anorexia nervosa is true?
People with anorexia think about food a great deal
_________ involves periodic binge eating followed by ________ or taking laxatives to avoid weight gain
Bulimia; vomiting
